All patients (n = 1,352) | Type 1 (n = 451) | Type 2 (n = 901) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex distribution | ||||||
Female | 699 | (51.7) | 247 | (54.8) | 452 | (50.2) |
Male | 653 | (48.3) | 204 | (45.2) | 449 | (49.8) |
Age distribution* | ||||||
< 20 years | 7 | (0.5) | 6 | (1.3) | 1 | (0.1) |
21–30 years | 55 | (4.1) | 54 | (12.0) | 1 | (0.1) |
31–40 years | 108 | (8.0) | 87 | (19.3) | 21 | (2.3) |
41–50 years | 185 | (13.7) | 106 | (23.5) | 79 | (8.8) |
51–60 years | 315 | (23.3) | 91 | (20.2) | 224 | (24.9) |
61–70 years | 349 | (25.8) | 71 | (15.7) | 278 | (30.9) |
71–80 years | 261 | (19.3) | 30 | (6.7) | 231 | (25.6) |
81–90 years | 72 | (5.3) | 6 | (1.3) | 66 | (7.3) |
Mean age (sd) | 59 | (± 15) | 48 | (± 15) | 64 | (± 11) |
Mean duration of diabetes (sd) ‡ | 14 | (± 12) | 22 | (± 14) | 10 | (± 9) |
Mean HbA1c at last diabetes follow up (sd) § | 7.3 | (± 1.2) | 7.5 | (± 1.0) | 7.1 | (± 1.3) |
HbA1c within guideline treatment target* ,§ | ||||||
All patients (HbA1c <7%/<9% depending on age) | 461 | (41.2) | 107 | (26.4) | 354 | (49.6) |
Patients = 80 years (HbA1c <7%) | 420 | (39.1) | 103 | (25.6) | 317 | (47.2) |
Patients > 80 years (HbA1c <9%) | 41 | (87.2) | 4 | (100) | 37 | (86.0) |
Stable blood glucose level previous year ∥ | 845 | (63.9) | 258 | (58.6) | 587 | (66.6) |
Diabetes treatment* | ||||||
Diet (n = 757) | 668 | (88.2) | 129 | (66.2) | 539 | (95.9) |
Exercise (n = 657) | 536 | (81.6) | 112 | (59.6) | 424 | (90.4) |
Weight reduction (n = 430) | 197 | (45.8) | 16 | (10.4) | 181 | (65.6) |
Oral medication (n = 771) | 564 | (73.2) | 16 | (10.3) | 548 | (89.1) |
Insulin (n = 896) | 742 | (82.8) | 443 | (99.8) | 299 | (66.2) |
Blood pressure and cholesterol medication* | ||||||
Blood pressure (n = 1,337) | 687 | (51.4) | 142 | (31.6) | 545 | (61.4) |
Cholesterol (n = 1,324) | 591 | (44.6) | 123 | (27.7) | 468 | (53.2) |
Smoking | ||||||
Present smoker† (n = 1,345) | 203 | (15.1) | 88 | (19.6) | 115 | (12.8) |
Previous smoker (n = 1,306) | 716 | (54.8) | 216 | (50.2) | 500 | (57.1) |
Known history of ocular disease | ||||||
Cataract* (n = 1,019) | 261 | (25.6) | 63 | (17.2) | 198 | (30.4) |
Diabetic retinopathy* (n = 1,058) | 182 | (17.2) | 91 | (23.3) | 91 | (13.6) |
Glaucoma* (n = 905) | 93 | (10.3) | 14 | (4.2) | 79 | (13.8) |
Age-related macula degeneration† (n = 857) | 35 | (4.1) | 6 | (1.9) | 29 | (5.4) |
Hypertensive/occlusive vascular retinopathy (n = 851) | 19 | (2.2) | 3 | (0.9) | 16 | (3.0) |
Laser treated diabetes related ocular disease ¶ | ||||||
History of diabetic retinopathy reported | 105 | (10.0) | 57 | (14.7) | 48 | (7.2) |
History of diabetic retinopathy not reported* | 19 | (1.8) | 7 | (1.8) | 12 | (1.8) |