Extent and structure of health insurance expenditures for complementary and alternative medicine in Swiss primary care

Table 3 Model based means (LS-means) and structure of reimbursements per patient in Swiss Francs

Type of reimbursement	certified CAM			noncertified CAM			COM
	LS-mean	CI 95	%	LS-mean	CI 95	%	LS-mean	CI 95	%
Consultation related costs*	408^a	362–455	56.2	304^b	258–350	40.8	278^b	231–326	39.1
Referral costs*	63^a	47–78	8.7	82^b	67–97	11.0	76^ab	60–91	10.7
- Lab analyses*	25^a	16–34	3.4	39^b	30–47	5.2	35^b	26–44	4.9
- Physiotherapy	37	28–47	5.1	43	33–52	5.8	40	30–50	5.6
Total costs for medication* (directly dispensed & referred)	255^a	213–297	35.1	362^b	320–404	48.5	362^b	319–405	50.9
- Costs of dispensed medication*	96^a	68–125	13.2	135^b	107–163	18.1	132^b	103–160	18.6
- Prescriptions	161^a	115–207	22.2	227^b	181–272	30.4	228^b	181–275	32.1
Total costs^†	726	661–792	100.0	746	681–811	100.0	711	644–778	100.0

* Significant overall difference between groups (p < 0.05).
^% Percentage of total cost per patient.
^{a, b, c} Different superscripts indicate significant differences between groups (multivariate linear models).
^† LS-means of total cost are not the exact sum of estimates of cost components.

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