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Table 3 Associations of characteristics of primary medical services with population health measures. Analyses were adjusted for Townsend deprivation score, proportion in social class IV and V, and proportion in households with head born in New Commonwealth.

From: Availability and structure of primary medical care services and population health and health care indicators in England

 

All-cause mortality 15–64 years (SMR)

Acute MI mortality (SMR)

Avoidable mortality (SMR)

 

Coefficienta (95% CI)

P value

Coefficienta (95% CI)

P value

Coefficienta (95% CI)

P value

Supply of services

      

GP supply (wte per 10,000 weighed population)

-5.2 (-8.3 to -2.0)

0.002

-10.3 (-19.3 to -1.25)

0.026

-5.3 (-9.7 to -0.8)

0.022

Characteristics of registered patients

      

Rural patients (%)

-0.36(-0.56 to -0.16)

0.001

-1.17(-1.71 to -0.62)

<0.001

-0.60(-0.86 to -0.33)

<0.001

Patients ≥ 75 years (%)

-1.72(-2.94 to -0.49)

0.006

-3.03 (-6.52 to 0.46)

0.088

-2.63 (-4.31 to -0.95)

0.003

Structure of Services

      

Mean partnership size (partners)

-4.2 (-6.7 to -1.7)

0.001

-12.2 (-19.1 to -5.2)

0.001

-3.9 (-7.5 to -0.3)

0.032

Single handed practices (10% increase)

1.5 (0.2 to 2.9)

0.027

5.0(1.3 to 8.8)

0.010

1.0 (-0.9 to 2.9)

0.304

GPs aged ≥ 61 years (10% increase)

3.7 (-1.9 to 9.3)

0.197

12.0(-3.6 to 27.6)

0.129

6.4 (-1.3 to 14.2)

0.102

Practices with a female GP (10% increase)

-1.1 (-2.4 to 0.2)

0.109

-2.1 (-5.8 to 1.5)

0.250

-0.4 (-2.2 to 1.4)

0.681

Type of Services

      

Diabetes services (10% increase)

0.1(-3.2 to 3.4)

0.938

-5.6(-14.7 to 3.6)

0.230

-1.3(-5.9 to 3.2)

0.564

Child health surveillance services (10% increase)

-1.5 (-4.2 to 1.1)

0.260

-6.3 (-13.6 to 1.1)

0.093

-0.4 (-4.1 to 3.3)

0.831

Contraceptive services (10% increase)

-2.9(-7.2 to 1.4)

0.181

-6.6 (-18.5 to 5.4)

0.277

-7.1 (-12.9 to -1.3)

0.017

  1. acoefficients represent the mean difference in outcome variable per unit increase in the explanatory variable CI, confidence interval; GP, general practitioner; SMR, standardised mortality ratio; wte, whole time equivalent