Application of WHO’s guideline for the selection of sentinel sites for hospital-based influenza surveillance in Indonesia

Table 1 Indonesia’s nationally-administered surveillance systems for acute respiratory infections, pneumonia and influenza, as of September 2012

MOH system administrator	Surveillance system	General objective	Type	Sites	Starting year	Reporting frequency	Laboratory testing
ARI subdirectorate	Sentinel pneumonia surveillance*	Monitor trends of pneumonia	Sentinel, aggregated data	40 health centers and 40 district hospital	2007	Monthly	No
ARI subdirectorate	Routine pneumonia surveillance	Program performance for pneumonia case detection	Population-based, aggregated data	All health centers	1983	Monthly	No
Surveillance subdirectorate	Early warning alert and response system	Outbreak detection	Population-based, aggregated data	All health centers	2008	Weekly	No
Surveillance subdirectorate	Monthly outbreak-prone disease surveillance	Trends for notifiable diseases	Population-based, aggregated data	All health centers and some district hospitals^#	2003	Monthly	No
Surveillance subdirectorate	ILI syndromic surveillance	Outbreak detection	Sentinel, aggregated data	20 Health Centers	2010	Weekly	No
NIHRD	ILI virological surveillance	Influenza virus trends	Sentinel, case-based	26 Health Centers	2006	Weekly	Yes (influenza)
NIHRD	SARI virological surveillance*	Viral and bacterial trends	Sentinel, case-based	10 tertiary hospitals	2006	Monthly	Yes (viral and bacterial pathogens)

MOH Ministry of Health, ILI Influenza-like Illness; SARI Severe Acute Respiratory Infection, ARI Acute Respiratory Infection, NIHRD National Institutes for Health Research and Development.
*Systems were terminated in December 2012 and resources combined to create Surveilans ISPA Berat di Indonesia (SIBI).
^#Number of district hospitals participating is unknown because hospital participation is not mandated nationally.

ISSN: 1472-6963