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Table 3 Regulatory characteristics of SDSs in the two districts (n = 213)

From: The policy-practice gap: describing discordances between regulation on paper and real-life practices among specialized drug shops in Kenya

 

Total

Districts

Locations

 

n (%)

Bungoma

Kakamega

p-Value

Urban

Rural

p-Value

  

n (%)

n (%)

 

n (%)

n (%)

 

Number of shops surveyed

213

120

93

-

65

148

-

Shop and staff characteristics

       

Premises made of bricks or stone

210 (99)

119 (99)

91 (98)

0.4

64 (98)

146 (99)

0.08

Shops with separate dispensing room

46 (22)

19 (16)

27 (29)

0.02

28 (43)

18 (12)

<0.001

Shops selling household merchandise with medicines

50 (23)

26 (22)

24 (26)

0.5

13 (20)

37 (25)

0.4

Shops displaying any licenses on the wall

119 (56)

66 (55)

53 (58)

0.7

41 (63)

78 (53)

0.1

Shops with a pharmacy-qualified staff member1

99 (46)

52 (43)

47 (51)

0.3

39 (60)

60 (41)

0.009

Staff knows name of main law governing pharmacy2

64 (30)

33 (27)

31 (33)

0.4

33 (51)

31 (21)

<0.001

Availability of materials and equipment

       

Shops with a prescription recording book

89 (42)

58 (48)

31 (33)

0.03

37 (57)

52 (35)

0.003

Shops with a working refrigerator available

25 (12)

13 (11)

12 (13)

0.6

18 (28)

7 (5)

<0.001

Shops with a narcotics cupboard available

39 (18)

26 (22)

13 (14)

0.2

24 (37)

15 (10)

<0.001

Frequency of regulatory inspection

       

Shops inspected within the last 12 months

182 (85)

104 (87)

78 (84)

0.6

58 (89)

124 (84)

0.3

  1. 1Includes pharmacists and pharmaceutical technologists, the two cadres recognized by the Kenyan law.
  2. 2Staff who could correctly name the ‘Pharmacy and Poisons Act’ as the main legislation governing pharmacy.