Table 3 Patient pre-index clinical characteristics
Characteristics | All patient cohorts | OAC-naïve cohorts | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dabigatran (n = 3,019) | Warfarin (n = 17,301) | P-value | Dabigatran (n = 815) | Warfarin (n = 1,590) | P-value | |||||
N/mean | %/SD | N/mean | %/SD | N/mean | %/SD | N/mean | %/SD | |||
Summary comorbidity/severity scores | ||||||||||
CHADS2, mean, SD | 1.9 | ±1.3 | 2.2 | ±1.3 | <.0001 | 1.7 | ±1.4 | 2.2 | ±1.4 | <.0001 |
ATRIA, mean, SD | 2.3 | ±2.1 | 3.0 | ±2.3 | <.0001 | 2.0 | ±2.0 | 3.1 | ±2.6 | <.0001 |
Elixhauser (ECI), mean, SD | 4.0 | ±2.2 | 4.3 | ±2.3 | <.0001 | 3.7 | ±2.1 | 4.5 | ±2.6 | <.0001 |
Selected pre-index comorbidities, n,% | ||||||||||
Any ischemic stroke | 497 | 16.5 | 2,567 | 14.8 | 0.0213 | 127 | 15.6 | 259 | 16.3 | 0.6550 |
Any TIAs | 169 | 5.6 | 789 | 4.6 | 0.0131 | 46 | 5.6 | 90 | 5.7 | 0.9870 |
Heart failure | 603 | 20.0 | 4,592 | 26.5 | <.0001 | 136 | 16.7 | 445 | 28.0 | <.0001 |
Hypertension | 2,394 | 79.3 | 14,202 | 82.1 | 0.0003 | 626 | 76.8 | 1,288 | 81.0 | 0.0157 |
Diabetes mellitus | 895 | 29.6 | 5,683 | 32.8 | 0.0005 | 207 | 25.4 | 508 | 31.9 | 0.0009 |
Chronic kidney disease (stages II-V) | 172 | 5.7 | 1,265 | 7.3 | 0.0014 | 45 | 5.5 | 154 | 9.7 | 0.0005 |
Heart rate and heart rhythm control procedures* | 155 | 5.1 | 436 | 2.5 | <.0001 | 44 | 5.4 | 66 | 4.1 | 0.1656 |
Pre-index use of selected medications | ||||||||||
Use of warfarin, n,% | 2,204 | 73.0 | 15,711 | 90.8 | <.0001 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | NA |
≥1 PT tests, n,% | 2,111 | 69.9 | 13,575 | 78.5 | <.0001 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Parenteral anticoagulants, n,% | 231 | 7.7 | 974 | 5.6 | <.0001 | 13 | 1.6 | 59 | 3.7 | 0.0040 |
Any platelet inhibitor | 648 | 21.5 | 2,768 | 16.0 | <.0001 | 225 | 27.6 | 341 | 21.4 | 0.0007 |
Prescription NSAIDs | 456 | 15.1 | 1,791 | 10.4 | <.0001 | 145 | 17.8 | 190 | 11.9 | <.0001 |
Any rate control medication | 2,475 | 82.0 | 13,916 | 80.4 | 0.0472 | 614 | 75.3 | 1,119 | 70.04 | 0.0103 |
Any rhythm control medication, n,% | 948 | 31.4 | 3,238 | 18.7 | <.0001 | 286 | 35.1 | 353 | 22.2 | <.0001 |
Any rate or rhythm control medications | 2,562 | 84.86 | 14,223 | 82.21 | 0.0004 | 654 | 80.3 | 1,164 | 73.2 | 0.0001 |
Any dyspepsia medication, n,% | 749 | 24.8 | 4,122 | 23.8 | 0.2424 | 173 | 21.3 | 362 | 22.8 | 0.3900 |
Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) | 689 | 22.8 | 3,701 | 21.4 | 0.0781 | 159 | 19.5 | 320 | 20.1 | 0.7201 |
Histamine type-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) | 100 | 3.3 | 583 | 3.4 | 0.8717 | 26 | 3.2 | 55 | 3.5 | 0.7293 |