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Table 4 Multivariable analysis of factors associated with “Appropriate Clinical Action” in response to poorly controlled hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus at 12 months

From: Clinically relevant quality measures for risk factor control in primary care: a retrospective cohort study

 

Poorly controlled hypertension (n = 391)

Poorly controlled dyslipidemia (n = 231)

Poorly controlled diabetes Mellitus (n = 59)

 

Proportion

OR

95% CI

Proportion

OR

95% CI

Proportion

OR

95%CI

 

(%)

  

(%)

  

(%)

  

Age

         

<65 years

59.0

  

35.8

  

98.2

  

≥65 years

66.6

1.38

(0.86-2.22)

31.9

0.84

(0.41-1.71)

97.9

0.86

(0.14-5.23)

Sex

         

Female

64.5

  

40.5

  

98.5

  

Male

61.8

0.89

(0.56-1.43)

29.7

0.62

(0.29-1.30)

97.6

0.60

(0.09-3.99)

Co-occurrence of other conditions

         

no co-occurrence of HT, DL, DM

62.0

  

42.0

  

NA

  

HT and DL

67.1

1.25

(0.64-2.41)

30.8

0.62

(0.19-1.98)

   

HT and DM

62.8

1.03

(0.35-3.06)

   

76.3

ref

 

DL and DM

   

9.4

0.14

(0.01-1.43)

100.0

NA

 

All 3 conditions

58.7

0.87

(0.41-1.86)

43.6

1.07

(0.23-5.00)

90.1

2.81

(0.27-29.11)

Number of other conditions

         

increase 1 co-morbidity

 

1.23

(0.93-1.63)

 

0.92

(0.57-1.49)

 

0.63

(0.19-2.09)

Risk status

         

No target organ disease

61.4

  

17.9

  

NA

  

Target organ disease (except CAD)

65.4

1.19

(0.56-2.52)

49.0

4.41

(1.59-12.19)**

97.6

ref

 

CAD

56.0

0.80

(0.31-2.07)

51.0

4.78

(1.27-18.02)*

99.3

3.27

(0.12-87.75)

Baseline level of each condition

         

Systolic BP

         

140-159 mmHg

59.9

        

160-179 mmHg

62.6

1.12

(0.67-1.88)

      

≥180 mmHg

93.0

8.86

(1.06-73.98)*

      

Diastolic BP

         

90-99 mmHg

59.9

        

100-109 mmHg

73.7

1.88

(0.87-4.08)

      

≥110 mmHg

91.0

6.78

(0.71-65.14)

      

LDL cholesterol level

         

3.4-4.1 mmol/L (130–159 mg/dL)

   

22.5

     

4.2-4.9 mmol/L (160–189 mg/dL)

   

44.6

2.77

(1.15-6.68)*

   

≥5.0 mmol/L (≥190 mg/dL)

   

54.2

4.08

(1.32-12.62)*

   

Haemoglobin A1c

         

8.0-8.9%

      

98.1

  

9.0-9.9%

      

99.0

2.75

(0.12-31.21)

≥10.0%

      

96.0

0.45

(0.07-3.07)

  1. Hierarchical logistic regression with adjustment for all the covariates in the table. Patient factors associated with “appropriate clinical action” vs. “inappropriate clinical action” at 12 months were assessed in these multivariable models. “Appropriate clinical action” was defined as therapy modifications or return to control without therapy modification. BP = blood pressure; CAD = coronary artery disease; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HT = hypertension; DL = dyslipidemia; DM = diabetes mellitus. OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; NA = not available. Odds Ratios are related to the first class shown for each category. Due to low number of patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus some calculations for proportions, odds ratios and 95% confidence interval are not feasible. Ref = reference category in diabetes mellitus due to low number of patients. *P < 0.05 compared to reference group; **P < 0.01 compared to reference group.