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Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models for the risk of in-hospital mortality for patients with a principal diagnosis of pneumonia, Japanese DPC database, 2010

From: Association between hospital case volume and mortality in non-elderly pneumonia patients stratified by severity: a retrospective cohort study

 

Unadjusted analysis

Adjusted model 1

Adjusted model 2

OR

95% CI

p

OR

95% CI

p

OR

95% CI

p

Hospital case volume (vs. high)

   

Very low

1.48

1.04

2.10

0.03

1.12

0.90

1.38

0.32

1.02

0.79

1.31

0.88

Low

1.39

0.98

1.96

0.06

1.03

0.83

1.27

0.80

1.13

0.88

1.46

0.34

Medium

1.32

0.92

1.90

0.13

1.06

0.85

1.33

0.59

1.03

0.80

1.32

0.83

Age (year) (vs. 55–64)

   

18–44

 

0.43

0.32

0.58

<.001

0.48

0.35

0.67

<.001

45–54

 

1.24

0.96

1.61

0.10

1.30

0.98

1.73

0.07

Charlson comorbidity index (vs. 0)

   

1 or 2

 

1.46

1.05

2.04

0.03

1.35

0.93

1.97

0.11

3–6

 

3.00

2.03

4.43

<.001

2.59

1.63

4.09

<.001

7 and above

 

10.37

6.49

16.57

<.001

11.04

6.25

19.49

<.001

Female (vs. male)

 

1.63

1.24

2.15

<.001

1.38

1.02

1.87

0.04

Referred from clinics/other hospitals (vs. not)

 

0.97

0.75

1.25

0.80

1.20

0.88

1.63

0.61

Academic hospital (vs. non-academic)

 

1.13

0.83

1.56

0.44

1.06

0.86

1.31

0.58

Severity indices

   

BUN ≥21 mg/dL or signs of dehydration

  

2.44

1.80

3.31

<.001

SpO2 ≤ 90% (or ≤ PaO2 60 Torr)

  

2.26

1.61

3.16

<.001

Presence of cognitive disturbance

  

5.85

4.18

8.18

<.001

Systolic blood pressure ≤90 mmHg

  

2.83

1.97

4.07

<.001

  1. OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
  2. BUN: blood urea nitrogen; SpO2: oxygen saturation; PaO2: arterial oxygen tension.