The patient safety culture as perceived by staff at two different emergency departments before and after introducing a flow-oriented working model with team triage and lean principles: a repeated cross-sectional study

Burström, Lena; Letterstål, Anna; Engström, Marie-Louise; Berglund, Anders; Enlund, Mats

doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-296

Table 5 Changes in the dimensions between occupations at baseline and follow-up by hospital

From: The patient safety culture as perceived by staff at two different emergency departments before and after introducing a flow-oriented working model with team triage and lean principles: a repeated cross-sectional study

Dimension	Baseline			Follow up
Dimension	Physicians	Registered nurses/assistant nurses	P-value	Physicians	Registered nurses/assistant nurse	P-value
Target group	*N 129*	*N 108*		*N 149*	*N 114*
County Hospital responses	n 86	n 86		n 96	n 85
	%	%		%	%
1. Non-punitive response to error	33.3	30.3	NS	36.0	27.4	*
2. Staffing	28.3	25.2	NS	28.1	20.8	*
3. Frequency of event reporting	19.9	24.0	NS	22.8	24.5	NS
4. Hospital management support for patient safety	15.8	11.6	NS	20.2	11.6	**
5. Team-work across hospital units	29.9	32.8	NS	32.5	22.6	**
6. Hospital hand-off and transition	29.8	39.4	**	33.3	32.5	NS
7. Information and support to patients at adverse events	43.7	45.8	NS	46.2	34.2	**
8. Information and support to staff at adverse events	32.4	42.6	NS	29.3	30.1	NS
9. Overall perception of safety	25.1	23.4	NS	32.5	21.3	***
11. Organizational learning-continuous improvement	28.0	46.1	***	37.3	34.5	NS
12. Teamwork within hospital	50.3	63.7	***	65.3	61.0	NS
13. Communication openness	55.3	47.1	NS	56.8	59.1	NS
14. Feedback and communication about error	34.8	56.7	***	42.4	58.3	**
15. Patient safety grade	73.3	50.1	**	66.3	46.2	**
Target group	*N 55*	*N 125*		*N 54*	*N 125*
University Hospital responses	n 25	n 93		n 37	n 112
	%	%		%	%
1. Non-punitive response to error	49.7	47.9	NS	43.2	42.9	NS
2. Staffing	62.9	49.2	**	48.6	44.9	NS
3. Frequency of event reporting	23.0	28.6	NS	15.0	16.4	NS
4. Hospital management support for patient safety	42.0	35.3	NS	41.8	32.1	NS
5. Team-work across hospital units	29.8	36.1	NS	42.8	43.0	NS
6. Hospital hand-off and transition	44.9	47.4	NS	42.6	48.1	NS
7. Information and support to patients at adverse events	40.2	48.3	NS	33.3	32.6	NS
8. Information and support to staff at adverse events	32.5	26.7	NS	32.2	31.5	NS
9. Overall perception of safety	54.2	42.0	**	49.3	39.0	*
11. Organizational learning-continuous Improvement	55.3	46.6	NS	61.1	50.0	*
12. Teamwork within hospital	79.6	69.6	NS	77.6	81.0	NS
13. Communication openness	76.4	63.0	**	66.4	60.2	NS
14. Feedback and communication about error	54.0	47.5	NS	46.8	45.7	NS
15. Patient safety grade	91.7	90.9	NS	88.9	79.6	NS

*** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01, * = p < 0.05, NS = not significant. An index of < 50 is considered low and should lead to action, 51 - 69 suggests potential for improvement, and ≥ 70 indicates that the unit is functioning well.

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ISSN: 1472-6963

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