| Primary care model†| |||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Salaried | Fee for service | New capitation | Established capitation |
Characteristic* | n = 856 | n = 849 | n = 827 | n = 752 |
Patient profile | ||||
Age, yr, mean^ | 44 | 48 | 48 | 50 |
Female, %^ | 68 | 59 | 59 | 54 |
Insured in Ontario, % | 95.3 | 99.8 | 99.9 | 100 |
> 1 visit in previous year, %^ | 87 | 85 | 80 | 76 |
Chronic diseases | ||||
No. of chronic diseases per patient, mean^ | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.44 |
Hypertension, %§ | 19 | 21 | 25 | 25 |
Diabetes mellitus, % | 7.8 | 6.6 | 7.6 | 8.6 |
Coronary artery disease, %§ | 4.8 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 8.8 |
Congestive heart failure, % | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.0 |
≥1 chronic disease, %§ | 23 | 25 | 29 | 30 |
Contextual factor | n = 35 | n = 35 | n = 35 | n = 32 |
< 10 km to hospital, % | 71 | 85 | 94 | 87 |
Rurality index¶ ≥ 4, %§ | 69 | 51 | 86 | 88 |
Family physician profile | n = 108 | n = 58 | n = 80 | n = 42 |
No. of years since graduation, mean^ | 19 | 22 | 23 | 29 |
Presence of ≥ 1 female family physician, **%^ | 85 | 49 | 49 | 25 |
Foreign trained, %††| 9.3 | 17.2 | 2.5 | 14.3 |
College of Family Physicians of Canada certification, % | 79 | 85 | 78 | 68 |
Organizational structure | n = 35 | n = 35 | n = 35 | n = 32 |
No. of nurses per FTE family physician, mean^ | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Panel size < 1600 patients per FTE family physician, %^ | 85 | 48 | 58 | 43 |
Booking interval for routine visit, min, mean^ | 25 | 13 | 14 | 14 |
Staffing | ||||
Solo practice, %§ | 0 | 26 | 37 | 38 |
Presence of nurse-practitioner(s), %^ | 100 | 8.6 | 31 | 18.8 |
No. of nurses, mean^ | 2.7 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 1.1 |
Information technology ^^ | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Electronic health records, %§ | 29 | 14 | 57 | 44 |
Electronic system for patient scheduling, %§ | 97 | 63 | 71 | 69 |
Electronic reminder system for recommended patient care (e.g., screening), %††| 26 | 14 | 46 | 28 |
Electronic interface to external laboratory/diagnostic imaging, %§ | 46 | 14 | 51 | 41 |