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Table 6 User’s characteristics and their relation with experiences of responsiveness domains 1

From: Assessing responsiveness of health care services within a health insurance scheme in Nigeria: users’ perspectives

Independent variables

Autonomy1

Choice of provider1

Quality of facilities1

 

Coef.

SE

p-value

Impact

Coef.

SE

p-value

Impact

Coef.

SE

p-value

Impact

Type of facility visited

            

Private (ref.)

            

Public

1.16a

0.43

0.006

3.20

−0.36

0.13

0.008

0.70

−0.92

0.14

<0.001

0.40

 

0.85b

0.22

<0.001

2.34

        
 

−0.34c

0.15

0.025

0.71

        
 

−0.41d

0.17

0.020

0.66

        

Age

            

≥40 years (ref.)

            

<40 years

0.69a

0.39

0.074

1.99

−0.23

0.14

0.107

0.79

0.04

0.15

0.765

1.05

 

0.41b

0.22

0.067

1.51

        
 

−0.15c

0.16

0.367

0.86

        
 

−0.17d

0.18

0.361

1.19

        

Sex

            

Female (ref.)

            

Male

0.25

0.13

0.057

1.28

−0.14a

0.37

0.708

0.87

0.09

0.14

0.522

1.09

     

−0.08b

0.27

0.764

0.92

    
     

0.02c

0.16

<0.001

2.04

    
     

0.17d

0.16

0.883

1.02

    

Educational Status

            

Higher education (ref.)

            

Lower education

0.33a

0.44

0.453

1.39

0.14

0.15

0.363

1.16

−0.37

0.16

0.025

0.69

 

−0.21b

0.24

0.378

0.81

        
 

−0.36c

0.17

0.041

0.44

        
 

−0.06d

0.20

0.754

0.93

        

Monthly income level

            

>187 US dollars (ref.)

            

≤187 US dollars

0.20

0.16

0.220

1.21

0.29

0.16

0.073

1.34

0.69

0.17

<0.001

1.70

Type of marital status

            

Others (ref.)

            

Polygamy

−0.39

0.16

0.014

0.68

−0.32

0.16

0.044

0.72

−0.11

0.16

0.505

0.90

Duration of enrolment

            

>2 years (ref.)

            

≤2 years

0.33

0.14

0.019

1.39

0.49

0.14

0.001

1.62

0.03

0.15

0.836

1.03

12 months visits to HCPs*

            

>3 visits (ref.)

            

1–3 visits

−0.14

0.14

0.315

0.87

0.61a

0.37

0.106

1.83

0.23a

0.42

0.578

1.26

     

1.06b

0.27

<0.001

2.90

0.37b

0.32

0.241

1.45

     

0.16c

0.17

0.343

1.17

−0.47c

0.21

0.028

0.63

     

0.32d

0.18

0.074

1.38

−0.25d

0.17

0.128

0.77

Referral after enrolment

            

No (ref.)

            

Yes

0.28a

0.41

0.501

1.32

1.03a

0.44

0.019

2.81

−0.81

0.14

<0.001

0.44

 

0.18b

0.22

0.408

1.20

0.47b

0.27

0.081

1.60

    
 

−0.34c

0.15

0.023

0.71

−0.39c

0.16

0.014

0.67

    
 

−0.57d

0.18

0.002

0.56

−0.65d

0.17

<0.001

0.52

    

Constant

1.98a

0.35

<0.001

7.26

2.71a

0.41

<0.001

15.09

4.10a

0.36

<0.001

60.34

 

1.12b

0.24

<0.001

3.09

1.84b

0.29

<0.001

6.30

3.40b

0.29

<0.001

30.11

 

0.50c

0.21

0.015

1.66

0.51c

0.22

0.020

1.66

2.58c

0.25

<0.001

13.17

 

−1.12d

0.23

<0.001

0.32

−0.96d

0.23

<0.001

0.38

0.22d

0.21

0.029

1.25

  1. *HCPs = health care providers.
  2. 1Dependent variable coding: (1) Very bad; (2) Bad; (3) Moderate; (4) Good; (5) Very good. For variables that violate the proportional odds assumption.
  3. aCoefficient for response category (1) contrasted with categories (2), (3), (4), and (5).
  4. bCoefficient for response categories (1) and (2) contrasted with categories (3), (4), and (5).
  5. cCoefficient for response categories (1), (2), and (3) contrasted with categories (4) and (5).
  6. dCoefficient for response categories (1), (2), (3), and (4) contrasted with category (5).
  7. Impact is calculated as the absolute change in odds (e |coef.|).