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Table 1 The five stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD)[5]

From: Multidisciplinary teams, and parents, negotiating common ground in shared-care of children with long-term conditions: A mixed methods study

Stage

Glomerular filtration rate

Description

Treatment stage

1

90+

Normal kidney function but urine findings or structural abnormalities or genetic trait point to kidney disease

Observation, control of blood pressure.

2

60-89

Mildly reduced kidney function, and other findings (as for stage 1) point to kidney disease

Observation, control of blood pressure and risk factors.

3

30-59

Moderately reduced kidney function

Observation, control of blood pressure and risk factors.

4

15-29

Severely reduced kidney function

Planning for end stage kidney failure.

5

<15 or on dialysis

Very severe, or end stage kidney failure (sometimes called established renal failure)

Treatment choices (e.g. Dialysis or a kidney transplant).

  1. Currently 870 UK children are receiving treatment for stage 5 CKD [6]. As children will have CKD for life and are at risk of long-term complications, early diagnosis and optimal management are essential [4, 7].