Table 7 Factors loading in each item

A1. People support one another in this facility

0.57

A3. When a lot of work needs to be done quickly, we work together as a team to get the work done

0.64

A4. In facility, people treat each other with respect

0.50

A11. When one area in this unit gets really busy, others help out

0.66

B2. Manager says a good word when he/she sees a job done according to established

0.63

B3. Whenever pressure builds up, my supervisor/manager wants us to work faster, even if it means taking shortcuts

0.50

0.44

B4. My supervisor/manager overlooks patient safety problems that happen over and over

0.58

A6. We are actively doing things to improve patient safety.

0.47

A13. After we make changes to improve patient safety, we evaluate their effectiveness.

0.58

F1. Hospital management provides a work climate that promotes patient safety.

0.65

F8. The actions of hospital management show that patient safety is a top priority.

0.70

F9. Hospital management seems interested in patient safety only after an adverse event happens

0.56

A10. It is just by chance that more serious mistakes don't happen around here.

0.53

A17. We had patient safety problems in this unit.

0.44

A18. Our procedures and systems are good at preventing errors from happening.

0.59

C1. We are given feedback about changes put into place based on event reports.

0.59

C3. We are informed about errors that happen in this unit.

−0.54

C5. In this unit, we discuss ways to prevent errors from happening again.

0.41

0.43

C2. Staff will freely speak up if they see something that may negatively affect patient care.

0.57

C4. Staffs are afraid to ask questions when something does not seem right.

0.48

C6. Staffs feel free to question the decisions or actions of those with more authority.

0.55

A8. Staff feel like their mistakes are held against them.

0.42

A12. When an event is reported, it feels like the person is being written up, not the problem.

0.66

A16. Staff worry that mistakes they make are kept in their personnel file.

0.59

F4. There is good cooperation among hospital units that need to work together.

0.66

A2. We have enough staff to handle the workload.

0.68

A5. Staffs in this unit work longer hours than is best for patient care.

−0.47

0.41

A7. We use more agency/temporary staff than is best for patient care.

−0.41

0.43

A14. We work in “crisis mode” trying to do too much, too quickly.

0.40