| Overall cost | Clinical cost | GCEP cost | Personal cost | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | 95% CI | P | Mean | 95% CI | P | Mean | 95% CI‡ | P | Mean | 95% CI‡ | P | ||
A: Temporal trends | |||||||||||||
Whole Sample* |  | −106 | (−117, -95) | < 0.001 | −40 | (−46, -34) | < 0.001 | −48 | (−63, -34) | < 0.001 | −9 | (−12, -4) | < 0.001 |
  Age (year) * | 50-59 | −109 | (−124, -94) | < 0.001 | −41 | (−49, -33) | < 0.001 | −40 | (−60, -19) | < 0.001 | −7 | (−12, -1) | 0.01 |
> = 60 | −102 | (−117, -87) | < 0.001 | −37 | (−47, -28) | < 0.001 | −59 | (−78, -39) | < 0.001 | −10 | (−15, -5) | < 0.001 | |
  Gender* | Male | −101 | (−115, -87) | < 0.001 | −37 | (−45, -29) | < 0.001 | −44 | (−62, -26) | < 0.001 | −7 | (−12, -1) | 0.009 |
Female | −112 | (−131, -93) | < 0.001 | −43 | (−53, -34) | < 0.001 | −54 | (−77, -32) | < 0.001 | −10 | (−15, -4) | 0.001 | |
  Risk Profile* | High | −112 | (−123, -100) | < 0.001 | −43 | (−49, -36) | < 0.001 | −73 | (−87, -60) | < 0.001 | −13 | (−17, -10) | < 0.001 |
Moderate | −46 | (−61, -32) | < 0.001 | −18 | (−28, -7) | 0.001 | 26 | (3, 49) | 0.027 | 5 | (−3, 14) | 0.212 | |
B: Comparisons between subgroups | |||||||||||||
  > = 60 year vs. 50-59†|  | 21 | (−23, 65) | 0.36 | 17 | (−5, 40) | 0.127 | 34 | (−17, 84) | 0.188 | 4 | (−11, 18) | 0.634 |
  Male vs. Female†|  | 10 | (−35, 54) | 0.675 | 1 | (−21, 22) | 0.965 | 15 | (−34, 65) | 0.536 | 7 | (−8, 21) | 0.382 |
  High vs. Moderate†|  | 192 | (155, 228) | < 0.001 | 87 | (68, 104) | < 0.001 | 226 | (190, 263) | < 0.001 | 39 | (26, 52) | < 0.001 |