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Table 5 Prevalence of child illness in Vietnam in the two weeks preceding the survey, 1997–2006

From: Inequalities in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health in Vietnam: a retrospective study of survey data for 1997–2006

 

Percentage of children less than five years of age with suspected acute respiratory infection

   

Percentage of children less than five years of age with diarrhea

   

Year

1997

2000

2002

2006

1997

2000

2002

2006

1. Total sample

14.2

9.3

19.6

6.5

10.1

11.3

11.4

6.8

2. Living standards

        

Poorest quintile

14.0

11.9

23.8

4.9

10.2

17.5

18.3

9.5

2nd quintile

18.2

11.5

21.6

6.3

11.2

11.0

12.5

6.7

Middle quintile

15.9

7.7

19.8

9.2

12.0

9.3

12.1

6.8

4th quintile

9.8

7.9

16.9

9.0

9.5

7.9

7.3

6.9

Richest quintile

10.2

4.1

14.0

3.1

6.2

5.5

3.8

4.4

Poor/rich ratio

1.38

2.88

1.70

1.59

1.65

3.19

4.81

2.19

Concentration Index

−0.0794

−0.1680

−0.1111

−0.0231

−0.0604

−0.2235

−0.2577

−0.1414

p (CI = 0)

p < 0.05

p < 0.05

p < 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p < 0.05

p < 0.05

p < 0.05

p (CI1997 = CI2006)

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

3. Education of mother

        

No education

15.6

8.4

15.5

6.1

12.5

21.0

16.1

8.2

Primary

12.9

12.0

21.3

6.0

11.9

13.1

11.9

7.8

Lower secondary

15.2

9.8

22.0

8.3

8.9

10.1

11.8

5.7

Upper secondary or higher

13.1

4.5

12.1

5.2

8.1

4.8

6.1

5.3

Ratio no education / upper secondary or higher

1.19

1.84

1.28

1.19

1.54

4.41

2.63

1.54

Concentration Index

−0.0045

−0.0958

−0.0638

0.0418

−0.0764

−0.1904

−0.1061

−0.0722

p (CI = 0)

p > 0.05

p < 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p < 0.05

p < 0.05

p > 0.05

p (CI1997 = CI2006)

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

p > 0.05

4. Ethnicity

        

Majority

13.3

9.3

17.5

6.8

9.8

9.5

9.0

5.9

Minority

17.3

9.2

28.4

5.2

11.1

19.0

21.2

11.0

Ratio minority/ majority

1.30

0.99

1.62

0.77

1.13

1.99

2.36

1.85

5. Sex of child

        

Male

16.9

9.1

21.9

6.5

11.7

12.5

12.7

7.5

Female

11.3

9.4

17.0

6.4

8.4

10.1

9.9

6.1

Ratio female/ male

0.67

1.04

0.78

0.98

0.71

0.81

0.78

0.81

6. Place of residence

        

Urban

11.1

5.2

14.0

4.3

5.8

6.3

3.5

4.2

Rural

14.7

10.2

20.8

7.2

10.8

12.5

13.0

7.7

Ratio rural/ urban

1.33

1.96

1.48

1.68

1.86

2.00

3.75

1.84

7. Region

        

Red River Delta

19.7

6.5

18.2

10.0

10.3

6.8

7.5

8.9

Northern Uplands

18.0

10.8

28.8

4.8

11.2

15.9

17.7

6.8

North Central Coast

10.8

14.0

16.7

8.6

10.6

12.2

8.9

5.4

South Central Coast

8.3

10.7

21.8

6.3

11.2

11.8

18.6

6.4

Central Highlands

11.1

7.6

21.0

7.3

8.1

14.7

15.3

10.1

Southeast

10.3

4.9

13.4

4.6

4.1

6.7

5.2

6.3

Mekong River Delta

14.7

9.4

16.1

4.6

11.8

12.2

8.5

5.7

  1. Notes:
  2. 1. p (CI = 0) = probability of concentration index being equal to zero (if p < 0.05, then there is a statistically significant difference between a concentration index of zero, indicating perfect equality, and the obtained concentration index; such a result indicates inequality).
  3. 2. p (CI1997 = CI2006) = probability of concentration index for 1997 being equal to concentration index for 2006 (if p < 0.05, then there is a statistically significant difference between the concentration index in 1997 and the concentration index in 2006; such a result indicates a change in inequality over time).
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BMC Health Services Research

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