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Table 2 Annualized adjusted excess medical cost of community acquired pneumonia by selected comorbidity group

From: Comorbidities as a driver of the excess costs of community-acquired pneumonia in U.S. commercially-insured working age adults

Attribute

Pneumonia Group

All Patients

No key comorbidity

Comorbid group

       

Asthma

Diabetes

COPD

CHF

Sample size

PNA Cases

402,831

333,485

25,560

32,677

16,343

5,062

 

Controls

1,425,045

1,155,049

92,524

131,544

50,785

20,814

Cost component

              

Inpatient

PNA Cases

Mean

 

$5,373

 

$4,235

 

$6,884

 

$12,111

 

$12,452

 

$27,534

  

(SD)

 

($6,022)

 

($4,689)

 

($6,042)

 

($9,363)

 

($8,390)

 

($11,604)

 

Controls

Mean

 

$1,472

 

$1,093

 

$1,976

 

$3,706

 

$3,676

 

$9,195

  

(SD)

 

($2,548)

 

($1,833)

 

($2,718)

 

($4,706)

 

($3,770)

 

($5,925)

 

Excess cost of PNA

Mean

 

$3,900

 

$3,143

 

$4,908

 

$8,404

 

$8,777

 

$18,339

  

(SE)

 

($9)

 

($8)

 

($38)

 

($52)

 

($66)

 

($163)

 

As % of total medical cost

 

34%

 

32%

 

48%

 

51%

 

52%

 

58%

Outpatient

PNA Cases

Mean

 

$9,236

 

$8,089

 

$9,304

 

$14,130

 

$13,634

 

$24,713

  

(SD)

 

($18,160)

 

($17,234)

 

($9,887)

 

($20,046)

 

($14,641)

 

($27,510)

 

Controls

Mean

 

$3,441

 

$2,843

 

$5,094

 

$7,278

 

$6,937

 

$12,760

  

(SD)

 

($6,765)

 

($6,057)

 

($5,413)

 

($10,325)

 

($7,449)

 

($14,204)

 

Excess cost of PNA

Mean

 

$5,796

 

$5,246

 

$4,210

 

$6,852

 

$6,698

 

$11,953

  

(SE)

 

($29)

 

($30)

 

($62)

 

($111)

 

($115)

 

($387)

 

As % of total medical cost

 

51%

 

53%

 

41%

 

42%

 

39%

 

38%

Pharmacy

PNA Cases

Mean

 

$3,031

 

$2,457

 

$3,582

 

$4,800

 

$4,695

 

$5,404

  

(SD)

 

($4,434)

 

($4,326)

 

($3,098)

 

($3,028)

 

($3,678)

 

($4,272)

 

Controls

Mean

 

$1,332

 

$979

 

$2,542

 

$3,706

 

$3,130

 

$4,103

  

(SD)

 

($1,949)

 

($1,725)

 

($2,198)

 

($2,338)

 

($2,452)

 

($3,244)

 

Excess cost of PNA

Mean

 

$1,698

 

$1,477

 

$1,040

 

$1,094

 

$1,565

 

$1,301

  

(SE)

 

($7)

 

($7)

 

($19)

 

($17)

 

($29)

 

($60)

 

As % of total medical cost

 

15%

 

15%

 

10%

 

7%

 

9%

 

4%

Total medical

PNA Cases

Mean

 

$17,640

 

$14,781

 

$19,770

 

$31,041

 

$30,781

 

$57,652

  

(SD)

 

($26,704)

 

($24,880)

 

($17,392)

 

($29,843)

 

($23,809)

 

($37,756)

 

Controls

Mean

 

$6,245

 

$4,915

 

$9,612

 

$14,690

 

$13,742

 

26,059

  

(SD)

 

($10,549)

 

($9,179)

 

($9,373)

 

($15,955)

 

($12,216)

 

($20,440)

 

Excess cost of PNA

Mean

 

11,395

 

$9,866

 

$10,158

 

$16,351

 

$17,039

 

31,593

  

(SE)

 

($42)

 

($43)

 

($109)

 

($165)

 

($186)

 

($531)

  1. Abbreviations: PNA, pneumonia; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error.
  2. Note: comorbid groups are not mutually exclusive. Cost estimates are from generalized linear regressions.
  3. All excess cost estimates are significant at p<0.01.