Two sides of the coin: patient and provider perceptions of health care delivery to patients from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds

Table 5 Summary of perceptions of patient-provider interactions by focus group participants and providers

EMERGENT THEMES	Arabic	Sudanese	Tongan	Chinese	Vietnamese	Health-care Providers
Communication problems between patient and provider
Language Barrier		x	x	x	x	x
Medical Terminology		x		x		x
Problems with interpreter				x		x
Not understanding accent of non-Western providers	x
Lack of translated &/or health-related information	x	x	x	x	x	x
Cultural issues impacting on treatment
General cultural misunderstanding on behalf of provider		x	x	x		x
Cultural differences decreasing compliance to treatment						x
Outright Discrimination		x			x	x
Feeling disrespected &/or undermined		x		x
Discriminated against by non-Western providers				x	x
General problematic patient-provider interactions
Lack of professionalism on behalf of provider	x		x	x		x
Erroneous diagnoses		x	x	x
Problems with health provider not operating to appointment schedule	x			x
Patients not keeping appointments or often rescheduling						x
Lack of rapport		x		x	x	x
Inadequate provision of information of diagnosis/therapy by health provider		x	x	x	x	x
Inadequate treatment in hospitals		x			x
Lack of training or referral services to enable delivery of appropriate care to trauma victims						x
Positive interactions between patient and provider
Generally satisfied with treatment	x	x		x	x	x
Rapport established with provider	x			x		x
Rewarding experience						x
Adequate provision of information regarding diagnosis/therapy by health provider	x	x		x		x

ISSN: 1472-6963