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Table 3 Mean costs per patient over different quarters, n=234

From: Empirical analysis shows reduced cost data collection may be an efficient method in economic clinical trials

 

Period of time

Significant difference between quarters

 

Quarter 1

Quarter 2

Quarter 3

Quarter 4

 

Cost category

Means

(SD)

Means

(SD)

Means

(SD)

Means

(SD)

 

Direct healthcare costs

 Physicians

115.00

(94.54)

139.14

(145.99)

133.33

(119.93)

135.91

(108.93)

**1 vs. 2; *1 vs. 4

 Physiotherapist

13.57

(49.18)

19.57

(57.59)

16.98

(48.73)

19.10

(57.80)

 

 Ambulatory clinic in hospital

5.17

(20.14)

7.92

(37.99)

14.99

(84.45)

7.75

(32.38)

 

 Inpatient care

1436.71

(4175.58)

1529.02

(4774.59)

723.35

(2851.91)

959.82

(3070.25)

*2 vs. 3

 Inpatient/outpatient rehabilitation

1238.61

(1085.16)

68.38

(405.57)

24.51

(217.36)

52.56

(365.25)

**1 vs. 2, 1 vs. 3, 1 vs. 4

 Drugs

325.58

(178.80)

339.94

(203.90)

337.11

(200.37)

312.89

(204.51)

**4 vs. 2, 4 vs. 3

Sum of direct healthcare costs

3134.64

(4271.98)

2104.00

(4898.88)

1250.28

(3010.82)

1488.07

(3270.83)

**1 vs. 2, 1 vs. 3, 1 vs. 4, 2 vs. 3

Direct non-healthcare costs

 Outpatient nursing service

34.67

(162.79)

43.50

(237.95)

38.70

(181.42)

28.56

(151.73)

 

 Paid household help

96.38

(643.07)

111.01

(684.75)

109.03

(626.12)

102.05

(645.84)

 

 Informal care

35.45

(177.98)

43.72

(190.73)

46.47

(194.71)

54.74

(205.98)

**1 vs. 4

Sum of direct non-healthcare costs

166.49

(710.79)

198.21

(811.39)

194.20

(729.73)

185.35

(743.39)

 

Sum of costs

3301.14

(4353.64)

2302.21

(5068.35)

1444.50

(3197.00)

1673.42

(3402.68)

**1 vs.2, 1 vs. 3, 1 vs. 4, 2 vs. 3

  1. *p-value of Repeated Measure ANOVA (RMANOVA) Tukey test <0.10.
  2. **p-value of Repeated Measure ANOVA (RMANOVA) Tukey test <0.05.