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Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies (n = 118)

From: Determinants of patient choice of healthcare providers: a scoping review

First author, year, country

Health care provider1

Respondents2

Primary method

Choice situation3

Type of provider characteristics influencing choice4

Ahmad, 2002, Canada [110]

Family physician

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Albada, 2009, Netherlands [36]

Hospital/ centre for ambulatory hospital care

P

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Anell, 1997, Sweden [84]

Primary care physician, hospital & hospital specialist

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Arora, 2004, USA [68]

GP

O

Experiment

Hypothetical

S

Bernard, 2006, USA [37]

GP

P

Questionnaire

Real

S, P

Boonen, 2009 ch.3, Netherlands [53]

Pharmacy

P

Patient registration data

Real

S

Boonen, 2009 ch.4, Netherlands [109]

Pharmacy

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S

Boonen, 2009 ch.5, Netherlands [125]

GP

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S

Boonen, 2009 ch.6, Netherlands [114]

GP/ Pharmacy

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S

Bornstein, 2000, USA [75]

GP

P

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Bouche, 2008, France [123]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data, questionnaire

Real

S

Bundorf, 2009, USA [103]

Fertility clinic

P

Patient registration data

Real

O

Burge, 2004, UK [82]

Hospital

P

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S

Chalder, 2007, UK [138]

A&E department

P

Patient registration data, questionnaire

Real

P

Chandler, 2000, USA [25]

Obstetrician-Gynaecologist

P

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Cheraghi-Sohi, 2008, UK [26]

GP

P

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Chernew, 1998, USA [27]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

S, O

Combier, 2004, France [28]

Maternity hospital

P

Interview

Real

S

Cooper, 1996, USA [69]

Individual Physician

P

Interview, patient registration data

Real

S

Cutler, 2004, USA [29]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

O

Damman, 2009, Netherlands [31]

Hospital

O

Semi-structured cognitive interviews

Hypothetical

O

Damman, 2010, Netherlands [106]

NA

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

NA

Damman, 2011, Netherlands [119]

Hospital

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Dawson, 2004, UK [56]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

P

Dawson, 2007 UK [57]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

P

De Boer, 2011, Netherlands [129]

General

P

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

P

De Groot, 2011, Netherlands [41]

Hospital

P

DCE questionnaire

Combination

S, P

Dealy, 2005, UK [117]

Hospital

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

S

Dijs-Elsinga, 2010, Netherlands [30]

Hospital

P

Questionnaire

Combination

S, P

Dixon, 2010, UK, Netherlands [2]

Hospital

NA

Analysis of secondary literature and primary data

NA

S, P, O

Exworthy, 2006, UK [59]

General

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

S, P, O

Faber, 2009, Netherlands [60]

General

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

*

Fasolo, 2010, UK [92]

Hospital

O

Focus group, questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Finlayson, 1999, USA [51]

Hospital

P

DCE interview

Hypothetical

S, O

Foster, 2010, Australia [91]

NA

NA

Literature review

NA

NA

Fotaki, 2008, UK [16]

Hospital & GP

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

S, P

Fung, 2005, USA [18]

Primary care physician

P

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

P, O

Fung, 2008, USA [105]

General

P

Literature review

Real

O

Geraedts, 2007, Germany [74]

Hospital

P

Interview

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Gooding, 1995, USA [107]

Hospital

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

NA

Groenewoud, 2008 ch.2, Netherlands [99]

General

O

Literature review, interviews, document analysis

NA (review)

S, P

Groenewoud, 2008 ch.3, Netherlands [54]

General

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

S

Groenewoud, 2008 ch.4, Netherlands [98]

General

P

Grounded theory approach

Real

S, P, O

Groenewoud, 2008 ch.5, Netherlands [32]

General

P

Q-methodology, questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Groenewoud, 2008 ch.6, Netherlands [113]

General

P

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Groenewoud, 2008 ch.7, Netherlands [61]

General

P, O

Concept mapping

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Grytten, 2009, Norway [3]

GP

P

Interview or questionnaire, patient registration data

Real

S

Guile, 2007, USA [52]

Obstetrician-Gynaecologist

P

Interview

Hypothetical

S, P

Harris, 2003, USA [42]

Individual physician

P

Questionnaire

Combination

NA

Haynes, 2003, UK [38]

GP practice

P

Patient registration data

Real

S

Hibbard, 1997, USA [89]

Health plan report cards

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

NA

Hibbard, 2003, USA [93]

General

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

NA

Hibbard, 2010, USA [100]

General

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

NA

Hirth, 2000, USA [139]

Nursing home

P

Patient registration data

Real

NA

Hirth, 2003, USA [65]

Nursing home

P

Patient registration data

Real

S, O

Hodgkin, 1996 USA [140]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

S

Hoerger, 1995, USA [86]

Prenatal care physician

P

Interview, patient registration data

Real

S

Howell, 2002, USA [77]

Obstetrician

P

Interview, patient registration data

Real

S, P

Humphreys, 1997, Australia [127]

GP

O

DCE questionnaire or interview, patient registration data

Hypothetical

S, P

Johnson, 2005, USA [43]

Obstetrician-Gynaecologist

P

Questionnaire

Combination

S, P

Kerssens, 1997, Netherlands [55]

Thirteen different health professions (individuals).

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Ketelaar, 2011, Netherlands [141]

Hospital

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

*

Kiiskinen, 2010, Finland [83]

Dentist

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Kolstad, 2009, USA [62]

General

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

S, P, O

Kooreman, 2010, Netherlands [88]

NA

NA

Literature review

Hypothetical

NA

Laamanen, 2010, Finland [44]

Individual doctor

P, O

Questionnaire

Combination

S

Lako, 2009, Netherlands [79]

Hospital

P

Questionnaire

Real

S, P

Lambrew, 2005, USA [85]

General

O

Interview

Hypothetical

NA

Lubalin, 1999, USA [63]

General

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

NA

Lux, 2011, Germany [45]

Hospital

P

Questionnaire

Combination

S, P, O

Magee, 2003, UK [64]

General

P, O

Focus group

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Marang-van de Mheen, 2010, Netherlands [46]

Hospital

P

Questionnaire

Combination

S, P

Marang-van de Mheen, 2010, Netherlands [33]

Hospital

P

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Mavis, 2005, USA [126]

GP, ob-gyn & surgeon

P

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

McGlone, 2002, USA [76]

GP

P

Questionnaire

Real

S, P

Merle, 2009, France [67]

Hospital

P, O

Questionnaire or interview

Hypothetical

S, O

Moodie, 2008, UK [142]

Surgeon performing a cataract surgery.

P

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Morrison, 2003, Australia [34]

GP

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Moser, 2010, Netherlands [90]

Hospital

P

Cognitive interview, focus group

Hypothetical

NA

Mukamel, 1998, USA [104]

Hospital & Surgeon

P

Patient registration data

Real

O

Mukamel, 2001, USA [102]

NA (review)

NA

Literature review

Real

S

Newton, 2007, Australia [115]

Medical facility/ GP

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Nguyen, 2006, Finland [39]

Dentist

P

Questionnaire, patient registration data

Real

S

Orr, 1998, UK [66]

Excimer laser treatment centre

P

Questionnaire

Real

S, P

Peters, 2007, USA [96]

Hospital

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

NA

Peters, 2009, USA [95]

Hospital/ health plan

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

NA

Petry, 2004, USA [143]

Health Care Practitioner (institution and individual)

P

Questionnaire

Real

S

Plunkett, 2002, USA [70]

Obstetrician/ Gynaecologist

P

Interview

Real

S, P

Propper, 2007, UK [144]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

S

Rademakers, 2011, Netherlands [80]

General

P

Secondary analysis on questionnaire and interview data

Real

S, P

Redelmeier, 1995, USA [94]

NA

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

NA

Reyna, 2009, USA [97]

NA

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

NA

Ringard, 2011, Norway [130]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data, questionnaire

Real

P

Robertson, 2008, UK [128]

GP

P

Questionnaire

Real

S, P

Robertson, 2011, UK [47]

Hospital

P

DCE questionnaire

Combination

S, O

Roh, 2005, USA [121]

Hospital

P

 

Real

S

Roh, 2008, USA [120]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

S

Rosenthal, 2009, USA [73]

Individual physician.

P

Patient registration data

Real

S

Ryan, 2000, UK [35]

Hospital

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Safran, 2001, USA [116]

Individual physician.

P

Longitudinal: questionnaire, patient registration data

Real

S, P

Saha, 2000, USA [145]

General

P

Interview

Real

S

Scanlon, 2008, USA [40]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data, questionnaire

Real

S, O

Schauffler, 2001, USA [101]

Hospital

NA

Literature review

NA (review)

O

Schnatz, 2007, USA [78]

Obstetrician/ Gynaecologist

P

Interview

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Schneider, 1998, USA[48]

Hospital

P

Interview

Combination

S

Schwartz, 1999, USA [134]

NA

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

NA

Schwartz, 2005, USA [49]

Hospital

P

Interview

Combination

S, O

Shah, 2010, UK [112]

Hospital

P

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Siciliani, 2007, UK [58]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

P

Sinaiko, 2011, USA [108]

Physician

O

DCE questionnaire

Hypothetical

O

Tai, 2004, USA [111]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data, questionnaire

Real

S

Van Empel, 2011, Netherlands, Belgium [50]

Fertility clinic

P, O

DCE questionnaire

Combination

S, P, O

Varadarajulu, 2002, USA [71]

Endoscopist

P

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S, P

Varkevisser, 2007, Netherlands [118]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

S, P

Varkevisser, 2009, Netherlands [81]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

S, O

Varkevisser, 2010, Netherlands [122]

Hospital

P

Patient registration data

Real

S, P

Vonberg, 2008, Germany [124]

Hospital

O

Interview

Hypothetical

S, P, O

Zuckerman, 2002, USA [72]

Obstetrician/ Gynaecologist

O

Questionnaire

Hypothetical

S

  1. 1 NA = not applicable; 2 P = patients; O = other; NA = not applicable; 3 Real = patients in a real choice situation; Hypothetical = no real choice situation; Combination = both a real and a hypothetical choice situation; NA = not applicable; 4 S = structure indicator(s); P = process indicator(s); O = outcome indicator(s); NA = not applicable; * = no provider characteristics found that influence choices.