Table 7 Measures of improvement in COPD community-based services*
From: Development of a community-based model for respiratory care services
| No. of model elements | Successful combinations | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | No. | Model Element | |
| Knowledge | 2 sig (Emery et al. 1998; Goransson et al. 2003) 2 n/s (Brough et al. 1982; Cockcroft et al. 1987) | 2 sig (Hermiz et al. 2002; Hernandez et al. 2003) | n/a | n/a | 1 | Self-management |
| 2 | Self-management | |||||
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Dyspnoea | 1 n/s (Zimmerman et al. 1996) | 2 n/s (Hermiz et al. 2002; Monninkhof et al. 2003) | 1 sig (Neff et al. 2003) 1 n/s (Bourbeau et al 2003) | n/a | 3 | Self-management |
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| Quality of life | 4 n/s (Emery et al. 1998; Weinberger et al. 2002; Cockcroft et al. 1987; Littlejohns et al. 1991) | 2 n/s (Hermiz et al. 2002; Monninkhof et al. 2003) | 1 sig (Neff et al. 2003) 1 n/s (Bourbeau et al. 2003) | n/a | 3 | Self-management |
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| Lung function | n/a | n/a | n/a | 1 sig (Rea et al. 2004) | 4 | Self-management |
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| Clinical information system | ||||||
| Performance | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Mortality | 3 n/s (Farrero et al. 2001; Cockcroft et al. 1987; Littlejohns et al. 1991) | 3 n/s (Monninkhof et al. 2003; Hernamdez et al. 2002) | n/a | 1 n/s (Rea et al. 2004) | n/a | n/a |
| Health care use | n/a | 4 sig (Hermiz et al. 2002; Hernandez et al. 2002; Steinel and Madigan 2003; Haggarty et al. 1991) | 2 sig (Neff et al. 2003; Bourbeau et al. 2003) | n/a | 2 | Self-management |
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| 2 | Delivery system design | |||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| 3 | Self-management | |||||
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| Hospitalisation |
1 sig (Farrero et al. 2001) 3 n/s (Cockcroft et al. 1987; Littlejohns et al. 1991; Weinberger et al. 2002) | 4 sig (Hermiz et al. 2002; Hernandez et al. 2003; Steinel and Madigan 2003; Haggerty et al. 1991) | 2 sig (Bourbeau et al. 2003; Neff et al. 2003) | 2 sig (Barnett 2003; Rea et al. 2004) | 1 | Self-management |
| 2 | Self-management | |||||
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| 2 | Delivery system design | |||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| 3 | Self-management | |||||
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| 4 | Self-management | |||||
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| Clinical information systems | ||||||
| Length of stay | 3 n/s (Cockcroft et al. 1987; Littlejohns et al. 1991; Farrero et al. 2001) | 2 sig (Hernandez et al. 2002; Steinel and Madigan 2003) | 2 sig (Bourbeau et al. 2003; Neff et al. 2003) | n/a | 2 | Self-management |
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| 2 | Delivery system design | |||||
| Decision support | ||||||
| 3 | Self-management | |||||
| Delivery system design | ||||||
| Decision support | ||||||