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Table 2 Profiles of clinical sub-groups with significantly longer ALC stays, ALC patients waiting for nursing home admission, fiscal 2010-2011

From: Acute care inpatients with long-term delayed-discharge: evidence from a Canadian health region

 

Morbid Obesity (N = 69)

Stroke (N = 426)

Psychiatric Diagnosis (N = 311)

Abusive Behaviours (N = 115)

% (CI)

N

% (CI)

N

% (CI)

N

% (CI)

N

Demographic Characteristics

Age (mean)

75.2 (±1.3)

69

80.0 (±0.5)

426

76.3 (±0.7)

311

81.8 (±0.8)

115

Age

< 65

15.9 (±11.3)

11

9.2 (±3.6)

39

17.4 (±5.5)

54

6.1 (±5.7)

7

65 – 74

21.7 (±12.8)

15

15.0 (±4.5)

64

16.7 (±5.5)

52

13.9 (±8.3)

16

75 – 84

43.5 (±15.4)

30

39.0 (±6.1)

166

39.6 (±7.1)

123

33.0 (±11.3)

38

85 – 94

18.8 (±12.1)

13

34.0 (±5.9)

145

24.1 (±6.2)

75

43.5 (±11.9)

50

≥ 95

0.0 (±0.0)

0

2.8 (±2.1)

12

2.3 (±2.2)

7

3.5 (±3.5)

4

Gender

Male

31.9 (±1.9)

22

46.9 (±0.9)

200

38.9 (±0.9)

121

58.2 (±1.8)

67

Lived alone

29.0 (±14.1)

20

36.2 (±6.0)

154

38.9 (±7.1)

121

33.0 (±11.3)

38

Lived in

Private residence

33.3 (±14.6)

23

57.5 (±6.2)

245

46.6 (±7.3)

145

61.7 (±11.7)

71

Private residence (HC.)

42.0 (±15.3)

29

29.3 (±5.7)

125

29.9 (±6.7)

93

27.0 (±10.7)

31

Board/assisted/group home

8.7 (±8.7)

6

8.2 (±3.4)

35

13.8 (±5.0)

43

7.0 (±6.1)

8

Residential Care

13.0 (±10.4)

9

3.3 (±2.2)

14

5.8 (±3.4)

18

2.6 (±2.6)

3

Other

2.9 (±2.9)

2

1.6 (±1.6)

7

3.9 (±2.8)

12

1.7 (±1.7)

2

Primary Caregiver Status

No Caregiver

1.5 (±1.5)

1

1.2 (±1.2)

5

2.3 (±2.2)

7

2.6 (±2.6)

3

Caregiver lived with client

56.5 (±15.4)

39

56.6 (±6.2)

241

66.9 (±6.9)

208

58.3 (±11.8)

67

Caregiver is a spouse

29.0 (±14.1)

20

27.5 (±5.6)

117

21.5 (±6.0)

67

34.8 (±11.4)

40

Is a child or child-in-law

49.3 (±15.5)

34

54.7 (±6.2)

233

51.5 (±7.3)

160

44.4 (±11.9)

51

Caregiver distress1

30.4 (±14.3)

21

35.0 (±6.0)

149

32.5 (±6.8)

101

56.5 (±11.9)

65

Clinical Characteristics

Cognitive Impairment2

31.9 (±14.5)

22

57.0 (±6.2)

243

48.2 (±7.3)

150

81.7 (±9.3)

94

Potential Delirium

Last 7 days3

4.4 (±4.4)

3

5.9 (±2.9)

25

7.1 (±3.7)

22

17.4 (±9.1)

20

Last 90 days4

8.7 (±8.7)

6

26.8 (±5.5)

114

24.1 (±6.2)

75

48.7 (±12.0)

56

ADL Impairment5

82.6 (±11.8)

57

75.8 (±5.3)

323

67.2 (±6.9)

209

73.9 (±10.5)

85

Communication

Difficulty making self understood

17.4 (±11.8)

12

44.2 (±6.2)

188

32.8 (±6.9)

102

54.8 (±12.0)

63

Difficulty understanding others

23.2 (±13.1)

16

42.7 (±6.2)

182

35.7 (±7.0)

111

61.7 (±11.7)

71

Behaviours6

Any7

14.5 (±10.9)

10

25.6 (±5.4)

109

28.9 (±6.6)

90

100.0 (±0.0)

115

Abusive

2.9 (±2.9)

2

8.2 (±3.4)

35

8.7 (±4.1)

27

100.0 (±0.0)

115

Disruptive

4.4 (±4.4)

3

5.4 (±2.8)

23

9.3 (±4.2)

29

30.4 (±11.1)

35

Wandering

2.9 (±2.9)

2

7.5 (±3.3)

32

5.8 (±3.4)

18

31.3 (±11.1)

36

Psychiatric Diagnosis8

27.5 (±13.9)

19

23.9 (±5.3)

102

100.0 (±0.0)

311

23.5 (±10.2)

27

Psychotropic Medications8

Anxiolytics

47.8 (±15.5)

33

33.6 (±5.9)

143

64.3 (±7.0)

200

35.7 (±11.5)

41

Antidepressants

23.2 (±13.1)

16

23.7 (±5.3)

101

37.3 (±7.1)

116

29.6 (±11.0)

34

Antipsychotics

10.1 (±9.4)

7

26.1 (±5.5)

111

40.8 (±7.2)

127

55.7 (±11.9)

64

Hypnotic

15.9 (±11.4)

11

17.1 (±4.7)

73

27.0 (±6.5)

84

28.7 (±10.9)

33

Fractures8

Hip

5.8 (±5.8)

4

9.2 (±3.6)

39

10.0 (±4.4)

31

13.0 (±8.1)

15

Other

7.3 (±7.3)

5

11.0 (±3.9)

47

15.4 (±5.3)

48

10.4 (±7.3)

12

Stroke8

29.0 (±14.1)

20

100.0 (±0.0)

426

32.8 (±6.9)

102

30.4 (±11.1)

35

Morbid Obesity

100.0 (±0.0)

69

4.7 (±2.6)

20

6.1 (±3.5)

19

1.7 (±1.7)

2

Medically Complex9

24.6 (±13.4)

17

12.2 (±4.1)

52

13.2 (±4.9)

41

8.7 (±6.8)

10

Unstable Health10

33.3 (±14.6)

23

22.3 (±5.2)

95

21.9 (±6.0)

68

36.5 (±11.6)

42

Neurological Conditions

ADRD11

24.6 (±13.4)

17

46.2 (±6.2)

197

44.4 (±7.3)

138

73.9 (±10.5)

85

Head trauma

1.5 (±1.5)

1

2.8 (±2.1)

12

4.2 (±2.9)

13

7.8 (±6.5)

9

Hemiplegia/Hemiparesis

5.8 (±5.8)

4

15.3 (±4.5)

65

5.5 (±3.3)

17

3.5 (±3.5)

4

Multiple sclerosis

2.9 (±2.9)

2

0.5 (±0.5)

2

1.6 (±1.6)

5

0.0 (±0.0)

0

Parkinsonism

7.3 (±7.3)

5

4.5 (±2.6)

19

7.7 (±3.9)

24

7.0 (±6.1)

8

Discharge Destination

Residential care

15.9 (±11.4)

11

17.4 (±4.7)

74

14.5 (±5.1)

45

20.0 (±9.6)

23

Home (with Home Care Services)

23.2 (±13.2)

16

11.9 (±4.0)

51

13.8 (±5.0)

43

13.9 (±8.3)

16

Transfers

Complex Care (waiting for placement)

57.9 (±15.3)

40

66.9 (±5.9)

285

65.6 (±6.9)

204

58.2 (±11.9)

67

Other

1.5 (±1.5)

1

0.5 (±0.5)

2

1.3 (±1.3)

4

0.9 (±0.9)

1

Died

1.5 (±1.5)

1

2.8 (±2.1)

12

3.9 (±2.8)

12

5.2 (±5.2)

6

Other

0.0 (±0.0)

0

0.5 (±0.5)

2

1.0 (±1.0)

3

1.7 (±1.7)

2

  1. Note: All confidence intervals are 99% (alpha = 0.01) unless otherwise specified.
  2. . ‘HC’ = Home Care.
  3. 1 Primary caregiver expresses feelings of distress, anger or depression.
  4. 2 Based on the interRAI Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS) levels ≥3. Equivalent to 15 - 1 MMSE [37, 38].
  5. 3 Sudden or new onset/change in mental function over last 7 days (from assessment date).
  6. 4 In last 90 days (from assessment date) person has become agitated/disoriented such that their safety is endangered or requires protection.
  7. 5 Based on the interRAI ADL Hierarchy Scale levels ≥3 [43].
  8. 6 Any such occurrence in the last 3 days.
  9. 7 Any of: Abusive (physically or verbally), Disruptive (incl. Socially inappropriate), wandering, and resisting care.
  10. 8 Doctor has indicated is present and affects patients status, requires treatment, or symptom management.
  11. 9 Any receipt of the following in the last 7 days: respiratory treatments, haemodialysis, or tracheotomy care.
  12. 10 Based on the interRAI Changes in Health, End-stage Disease, and Signs and Symptoms (CHESS) Scale [42], levels ≥3.
  13. 11 ADRD = Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias.