Variation in cancer surgical outcomes associated with physician and nurse staffing: a retrospective observational study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination Database

Table 3 Failure to rescue in the four physician/nurse staffing groups for each surgery

				FTR (%)
	N	Inhospital mortality (%)	Postoperative complications(%)	Total	Group A: low PBR, low NBR	Group B: low PBR, high NBR	Group C: high PBR, low NBR	Group D: high PBR, high NBR	p
Lung lobectomy	21,639	0.92	10.2	9.0	15.3	12.9	7.9	5.9	<0.001
Esophagectomy	3,917	4.14	26.3	15.7	21.8	18.7	10.9	13.8	0.001
Gastrectomy	35,978	1.43	13.1	10.9	13.8	10.9	10.7	7.3	<0.001
Colorectal surgery	51,878	2.06	15.8	13.0	14.2	14.3	12.2	10.6	<0.001
Hepatectomy	10,921	2.49	17.4	14.3	17.3	14.3	11.8	14.0	0.061
Pancreatectomy	7,061	2.48	27.8	8.9	12.5	9.0	7.6	6.6	0.001

PBR, physician-to bed ratio (low, <19.7 physicians per 100 beds; high, ≥19.7); NBR, nurse-to-bed ratio (low, <77.0 nurses per 100 beds; high, ≥77.0).

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