From: Population health status of South Asian and African-Caribbean communities in the United Kingdom
South Asian | South Asian where EQ-5D score = 1 | African-Caribbean | African-Caribbean where EQ-5D score = 1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | 3442 | 2402 | 1912 | 1447 |
Age (mean [SD], years) | 59.7 (10.4) | 58.2 (9.7) | 62.7 (12.0) | 61.1 (11.6) |
Female, n (%) | 1752 (50.90%) | 1103 (45.92) | 1058 (55.33%) | 766 (52.94) |
Systolic blood pressure (Mean, SD, mm Hg) | 139.51 (19.85) | 139.39 (19.84) | 144.32 (19.88) | 144.01 (19.50) |
Diastolic blood pressure (Mean, SD, mm Hg) | 80.87 (10.91) | 81.46 (10.83) | 81.99 (10.79) | 82.54 (10.61) |
Ever smoked, n (%) | 801 (23.27) | 572 (23.81) | 826 (43.20) | 624 (43.12) |
Consumes alcohol (occasionally or regularly), n (%) | 552 (16.04) | 456 (18.98) | 1306 (68.31) | 1015 (70.15) |
BMI Median (IQR) | 27.56 (24.89 to 31.13) | 27.27 (24.78 to 30.52) | 28.99 (25.89 to 33.05) | 28.56 (25.57 to 32.36) |
Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 Median, IQR [9] | 54.74(39.02 to 61.39) | 54.85 (39.29 to 61.50) | 57.93(46.25 to 61.34) | 57.93 (46.25 to 61.34) |
Born in the UK, n (%) | 55 (1.60) | 47 (1.96) | 309 (16.16) | 266 (18.38) |
Interviewed in English, n (%) | 1508 (43.81) | 1129 (47.0) | 1904 (99.58) | 1443 (99.72) |
Medical History, n (%) | ||||
Angina | 328 (9.53) | 194 (8.08) | 87 (4.55) | 47 (3.25) |
Arrhythmias | 58 (1.69) | 31 (1.29) | 46 (2.41) | 18 (1.24) |
Arthritis | 1345 (39.08) | 717 (29.85) | 813 (42.52) | 516 (36.57) |
Asthma | 414 (12.03) | 254 (10.57) | 199 (10.41) | 136 (9.40) |
Cancer | 64 (1.86) | 39 (1.62) | 86 (4.50) | 51 (3.52) |
COPD | 35 (1.02) | 18 (0.75) | 29 (1.52) | 17 (1.17) |
Depression | 277 (8.05) | 64 (2.66) | 89 (4.65) | 30 (2.07) |
Diabetes | 1060 (30.80) | 693 (28.85) | 503 (26.31) | 337 (23.29) |
Heart Failure | 46 (1.34) | 16 (0.67) | 29 (1.52) | 12 (0.83) |
Hypertension | 1570 (45.61) | 987 (41.09) | 1106 (57.85) | 776 (53.63) |
Myocardial ischemia | 299 (8.69) | 188 (7.83) | 64 (3.35) | 35 (2.42) |
Peripheral artery disease | 18 (0.52) | 6 (0.25) | 26 (1.36) | 11 (0.76) |
Stroke/TIA | 157 (4.56) | 65 (2.71) | 67 (3.50) | 24 (1.66) |
Number of medical conditions (Median, IQR) | 1 (1 to 3) | 1 (0 to 2) | 2 (1 to 2) | 1 (1 to 2) |
Medication Use, n (%) | ||||
ACE Inhibitors | 818 (23.77) | 524 (21.82) | 465(24.32) | 316 (21.84) |
Diuretics | 639 (18.56) | 384 (15.99) | 616 (32.22) | 418 (28.89) |
Beta-blockers | 470 (13.65) | 294 (12.24) | 236 (12.4) | 150 (10.37) |
Calcium Antagonists | 613 (17.81) | 364 (15.15) | 716 (37.45) | 498 (34.42) |
Aspirin | 1054 (30.62) | 691 (28.77) | 563 (29.45) | 380 (26.26) |
Warfarin | 35 (1.02) | 19 (0.79) | 34 (1.78) | 15 (1.04) |
Digoxin | 13 (0.38) | 4 (0.17) | 13 (0.68) | 3 (0.21) |
Lipid regulating drugs | 1483 (43.09) | 969 (40.34) | 731 (38.23) | 520 (35.94) |