Table 4 Distribution of two outcome variables across hospital and respondent characteristics
From: Predictors and outcomes of patient safety culture in hospitals
| Â | Patient Safety Grade | Number of Events Reported | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Excellent or Very Good | Acceptable | Poor or Failing | Â | No event reports | 1 to 5 event reports | >5 events reported | Â | ||||||
| Â | N | % | N | % | N | % | P-Value | N | % | N | % | N | % | P-Value |
Work area/unit where respondents spend most of their work time | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |||||||
Many different hospital units/no specific unit | 458 | 64.2% | 225 | 31.6% | 30 | 4.2% | <0.001 | 323 | 49.9% | 266 | 41.1% | 58 | 9.0% | <0.001 |
Administration | 353 | 68.8% | 142 | 27.7% | 18 | 3.5% | Â | 311 | 63.5% | 116 | 23.7% | 63 | 12.9% | Â |
Medical | 1181 | 72.5% | 414 | 25.4% | 35 | 2.1% | Â | 831 | 57.6% | 525 | 36.4% | 86 | 6.0% | Â |
Surgical | 1049 | 72.3% | 359 | 24.7% | 43 | 3.0% | Â | 769 | 59.2% | 457 | 35.2% | 74 | 5.7% | Â |
Diagnostics | 602 | 83.6% | 112 | 15.6% | 6 | 0.8% | Â | 390 | 60.4% | 202 | 31.3% | 54 | 8.4% | Â |
Other | 480 | 81.8% | 99 | 16.9% | 8 | 1.4% | Â | 323 | 60.8% | 156 | 29.4% | 52 | 9.8% | Â |
Position at the hospital | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Nurse | 2581 | 71.3% | 941 | 26.0% | 99 | 2.7% | <0.001 | 1845 | 57.2% | 1190 | 36.9% | 191 | 5.9% | <0.001 |
Physician | 148 | 63.3% | 80 | 34.2% | 6 | 2.6% | Â | 117 | 57.1% | 71 | 34.6% | 17 | 8.3% | Â |
Pharmacist | 53 | 77.9% | 15 | 22.1% | 0 | 0.0% | Â | 23 | 37.7% | 22 | 36.1% | 16 | 26.2% | Â |
Other health professions | 83 | 73.5% | 25 | 22.1% | 5 | 4.4% | Â | 61 | 55.5% | 44 | 40.0% | 5 | 4.5% | Â |
Unit assistant/clerk/secretary/Technician | 676 | 79.6% | 162 | 19.1% | 11 | 1.3% | Â | 521 | 68.4% | 195 | 25.6% | 46 | 6.0% | Â |
Administration | 107 | 63.3% | 53 | 31.4% | 9 | 5.3% | Â | 81 | 48.5% | 59 | 35.3% | 27 | 16.2% | Â |
Quality and Safety | 72 | 67.9% | 30 | 28.3% | 4 | 3.8% | Â | 41 | 41.8% | 28 | 28.6% | 29 | 29.6% | Â |
Other | 538 | 81.6% | 115 | 17.5% | 6 | 0.9% | Â | 374 | 61.0% | 187 | 30.5% | 52 | 8.5% | Â |
Years of experience at hospital | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Less than 1 year | 556 | 70.8% | 203 | 25.9% | 26 | 3.3% | 0.001 | 476 | 68.7% | 180 | 26.0% | 37 | 5.3% | <0.001 |
1 to 5 years | 1734 | 72.4% | 586 | 24.5% | 72 | 3.0% | Â | 1229 | 56.3% | 788 | 36.1% | 165 | 7.6% | Â |
6 to 10 years | 882 | 74.2% | 289 | 24.3% | 18 | 1.5% | Â | 599 | 55.5% | 386 | 35.8% | 94 | 8.7% | Â |
11 to 15 years | 625 | 78.2% | 160 | 20.0% | 14 | 1.8% | Â | 414 | 58.2% | 246 | 34.6% | 51 | 7.2% | Â |
16 to 20 years | 277 | 73.5% | 96 | 25.5% | 4 | 1.1% | Â | 197 | 60.6% | 107 | 32.9% | 21 | 6.5% | Â |
21 years or more | 343 | 73.1% | 120 | 25.6% | 6 | 1.3% | Â | 244 | 58.9% | 136 | 32.9% | 34 | 8.2% | Â |
Hospital Size (El-Jardali et al., 2010) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Small (<100 beds) | 2214 | 73.1% | 748 | 24.7% | 66 | 2.2% | 0.563 | 1600 | 58.2% | 948 | 34.5% | 199 | 7.2% | 0.179 |
Medium (100-199 beds) | 1751 | 74.0% | 553 | 23.4% | 61 | 2.6% | Â | 1235 | 59.1% | 684 | 32.7% | 172 | 8.2% | Â |
Large (>=200 beds) | 550 | 72.5% | 187 | 24.6% | 22 | 2.9% | Â | 389 | 58.2% | 240 | 35.9% | 39 | 5.8% | Â |
Interaction with patients | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 3562 | 73.1% | 1196 | 24.5% | 119 | 2.4% | 0.153 | 2486 | 56.9% | 1574 | 36.0% | 310 | 7.1% | <0.001 |
No | 805 | 75.6% | 239 | 22.4% | 21 | 2.0% | Â | 648 | 65.1% | 266 | 26.7% | 81 | 8.1% | Â |
Hospital Accreditation Status (El-Jardali et al., 2010) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 3871 | 74.2% | 1224 | 23.5% | 121 | 2.3% | <0.001 | 2687 | 57.5% | 1621 | 34.7% | 361 | 7.7% | 0.001 |
No | 644 | 68.8% | 264 | 28.2% | 28 | 3.0% | Â | 537 | 64.2% | 251 | 30.0% | 49 | 5.9% | Â |