The courage to change: Patient perceptions of 12-Step fellowships

Table 1 Characteristics of study respondents (N = 139)

Characteristic	N (%), or *Mean (SD)*
Age, years	41 (14)
Female	45 (32%)
Proportion native Norwegians or European origin	134 (96%)
Education, years	11.2 (2.3)
Relationship, proportion of singles	65 (47%)
Main diagnosis (ICD-10)
Alcohol dependence (N = 48) or harmful use of alcohol (N = 6)	54 (39%)
Both alcohol and drug dependence	26 (19%)
Drug dependence	59 (42%)
Years of problematic use^a, major drug/s of abuse	11.4 (9.1)
Earlier treatment (prior to current detox)
No earlier treatment	32 (23%)
Outpatient treatment only	33 (24%)
Inpatient treatment
12-step-based treatment	39 (28%)
Other inpatient treatment (detox or longer-term)	35 (25%)
Ever participated in TSGs before	66 (48%)
Earlier involvement in TSGs (AAAS composite score; scale 0 - 9)	1.7 (2.4)

^a Problematic use, as defined in EuropASI, was the consumption of 5 or more standard drinks at least 3 times weekly, or binge drinking on 2 coherent days to a level that afflicted daily functioning

ISSN: 1472-6963