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Table 1 Description of pharmacological groups.

From: Are prescribing doctors sensitive to the price that their patients have to pay in the Spanish National Health System?

Pharmacological group

ATC codes

Description

Copayment

Cardiovascular groups

Beta-blockers

C07A, C07B, C07C, C07D, C07F

Beta blocking agents, plain and combined with thiazides, other diuretics, and other antihypertensives.

RC

ACEIs & ARBs

C09A, C09B, C09C, C09D

ACE inhibitors, plain and combinations, Angiotensin II antagonists plain and combinations

RC

Diuretics

C03A, C03B, C03C, C03EA, C03EB

Low-ceiling diuretics, thiazides or other, high-ceiling diuretics, and diuretics and potassium-sparing agents in combination.

RC

Nitrates

C01DA

Organic nitrates.

RC

Ca++ channel blockers

C08C, C08D

Selective calcium channel blockers with mainly vascular effects and selective calcium channel blockers with direct cardiac effects.

RC

Antiplatelet drugs

B01AC04, B01AC06

Clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid (in dose of 100 mg)

FC

Flavonoids

C05CA03, C05CA04, C05CA05

Diosmin, troxerutin, hidrosmin.

FC

Statines

C10AA

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statines)

FC

Psychotropic drugs

SSRIs

N06AB, N06AX

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other antidepressants

RC

Typical antipsychotics (1st generation)

N05AA, N05AB, N05AC, N05AD, N05AF, N05AG, N05AK

Phenothiazines with aliphatic side-chain, piperazine structure or piperidine structure, butyrophenone derivatives, thioxanthene derivatives and diphenylbutylpiperidine derivatives

RC

Atypical Antipsychotics (2nd generation)

N05AE, N05AH, N05AL, N05AX

Indole derivatives, diazepines, oxazepines, thiazepines, oxepines, benzamides and other antipsychotics

RC

MAOIs

N06AF, N06AG

Non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors, monoamine oxidase A inhibitors

RC

Lithium

N05AN

Lithium

RC

Anti-dementia drugs

N06DA, N06DX

Anticholinesterases, and other anti-dementia drugs

FC

Hypnotics

N05CA, N05CB, N05CC, N05CE, N05CD, N05CF, N05CM, N05CX

Barbiturates, plain and combinations, aldehydes and derivatives, penzodiazepine derivatives, piperidinedione derivatives, benzodiazepine related drugs, other hypnotics and sedatives, hypnotics and sedatives in combination, excl. barbiturates

FC

Anxiolytics

N05BA, N05BB, N05BC, N05BD, N05BE, N05BX

Benzodiazepine derivatives, diphenylmethane derivatives, carbamates, dibenzo-bicyclo-octadiene derivatives, azaspirodecanedione derivatives, and other anxiolytics

FC

Psychostimulants

N06BA, N06BX

Centrally acting sympathomimetics and other psychostimulants and nootropics

FC

  1. ATC: Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system; ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers; SSRIs: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; MAOIs: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Copayment: FC if non-pensioner patients pay a copayment of 40%, RC if non-pensioner patients pay a reduced rate of 10% with a ceiling of €2.64 (all treatments are free for pensioners)