Table 4 Two-level analyses (N = 40 wards and 21 nursing homes)
From: Leadership, staffing and quality of care in nursing homes
| Â | Quality of care - relatives | Quality of care - staff | Quality of care - field observations | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Coeff. | p-value | Coeff. | p-value | Coeff. | p-value |
Leadership style | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Task-oriented leadership style | 0.36 | = 0.02 | 0.63 | > 0.01 | 0.28 | = 0.12 |
   Relationship-oriented leadership style | 0.12 | = 0.19 | 0.01 | = 0.91 | 0.10 | = 0.37 |
Staffing | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Total staffing levels (FTE) | -0.95 | = 0.31 | 0.10 | = 0.90 | 1.17 | = 0.30 |
   Ratio of registered nurses | 0.32 | = 0.66 | 0.52 | = 0.42 | 0.20 | = 0.83 |
   Ratio of unlicensed staff | -2.05 | > 0.01 | -0.80 | = 0.22 | -2.59 | > 0.01 |
Care level | -0.20 | > 0.01 | -0.11 | > 0.01 | -0.11 | = 0.02 |
R1 2 (ward level) | 0.64 | Â | 0.64 | Â | 0.53 | Â |