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Table 1 List of explanatory variables explored in the analyses

From: Does long-term care use within primary health care reduce hospital use among older people in Norway? A national five-year population-based observational study

Explanatory variable

Relationship to HD-rate?

Effect modifier?

Confounder?

Included in final model?

Sex

HD-rates in Men > women

Yes

Not applicable

Stratifying variable

Age

Linear positive

Yes

Yes

Stratifying and adjustment variable

Composite variable: Municipality population size and Hospital status

HD-rates in hospital municipalities > Large municipalities without hospital > Small municipalities without hospital

No

Yes

Adjustment variable

Mortality

Linear positive

No

Yes

Adjustment variable

Travel time to hospital

Men 67-84 and women 67-79: no relationship. Men 85+ and Women 80+: Linear, negative

No

Yes

Adjustment variable

Municipality education

Men 67-84 and women 67-79: no relationship. Men85+ and Women 80+: Linear, negative

No

Yes

Adjustment variable

Municipality relative poverty level

Men 67-84 and women 67-79: no relationship. Men85+ and Women 80+: Linear, negative

No

No

Not included

Municipality unemployment

Linear positive

No

No

Not included