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Table 4 Cox proportional hazards models on initial time of adoption of TZD Unit:(month)

From: Diffusion patterns of new anti-diabetic drugs into hospitals in Taiwan: the case of Thiazolidinediones for diabetes

 

580 hospitals (total) initial time to adoption of TZD (month)

   

327 hospitals (adopters only) initial time to adoption of TZD (month)

   
 

HR1

95% CI

p-value

 

HR1

95% CI

p-value

 

HHI in February, 2001 (unit: HHI*100)

0.02

(0.01 0.04)

0.0000

***

0.07

(0.03 0.18)

0.0000

***

Accreditation level

        

   ref: Medical Center

        

   Regional Hospital

0.75

(0.43 1.32)

0.3000

 

1.01

(0.56 1.81)

0.9700

 

   District Hospital

0.43

(0.24-0.75)

0.0024

**

0.53

(0.3 0.94)

0.0260

*

BNHI Regions

        

   Ref: Taipei

        

   Northern

0.6

(0.41 0.89)

0.0090

*

0.65

(0.44 0.96)

0.0280

*

   Central

0.88

(0.63 1.23)

0.4500

 

0.82

(0.58 1.14)

0.2300

 

   Southern

0.75

(0.52 1.09)

0.1200

 

0.83

(0.57 1.21)

0.3300

 

   Kao-Ping

0.58

(0.41 0.82)

0.0015

**

0.98

(0.69 1.4)

0.9200

 

   Eastern

0.69

(0.37 1.27)

0.2300

 

0.7

(0.37 1.32)

0.2600

 

Ownership

        

   ref: Public Hospital

        

   Non-profit Hospital

1.79

(1.23 2.61)

0.0019

**

1.87

(1.26 2.78)

0.0015

**

   Private Hospital

1.35

(0.94 1.94)

0.0950

 

2.14

(1.49 3.06)

0.0000

***

  1. 1: hazard ratio; HR < 1 means the factor inhibited adoption and an HR > 1 means the factor accelerated adoption
  2. ***: p < 0.0005 **: p < 0.005 *:p < 0.05