From: Patterns of perceived barriers to medical care in older adults: a latent class analysis
Study Variables | Mean or Percent |
---|---|
Predisposing characteristics | |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 64.3 (0.7) |
Male, % | 45.6 |
Married, % | 79.7 |
Education (years), mean (SD) | 13.8 (2.4) |
Individual-level enabling characteristics | |
Total annual household income (USD), mean (SD) | $66,572 ($83,039) |
Health insurance | |
Any private insurance, % | 86.6 |
Public insurance only, % | 10.1 |
No insurance, % | 3.3 |
County-level enabling characteristics | |
Large metropolitan, % | 33.7 |
Small metropolitan, % | 38.0 |
Micropolitan, % | 15.0 |
Rural (non-core), % | 13.3 |
Need characteristics | |
Number of diagnosed conditions, mean (SD) | 3.1 (2.3) |
Depressive symptomatology, % | 15.1 |
Any ambulation limitations, % | 7.3 |
Any dexterity limitations, % | 2.1 |
Any cognitive limitations, % | 25.4 |
Any pain limitations, % | 42.8 |
Any speech limitations, % | 2.0 |
Any hearing limitations, % | 3.9 |
Perceived access to health care items | |
...emergency care, % | 4.8 |
...hospital care, % | 3.2 |
...prescription services, % | 3.7 |
...specialty care, % | 4.9 |
...mental health care, % | 8.6 |
...convenience of office location, % | 10.3 |
...advice by phone, % | 23.7 |
...phone appointments, % | 5.7 |
...wait for appointment, % | 19.7 |
...time in waiting room, % | 18.8 |
...time with doctor, % | 12.7 |
...affordability, % | 31.9 |
...doctor is honest, % | 2.3 |
...doctor pays attention, % | 3.8 |
...doctor shares embarrassing info., % | 3.6 |
Latent class validation items | |
Flu shot... % | 62.9 |
Cholesterol screening... % | 78.6 |
High blood pressure screening... % | 93.5 |
Routine physical exam...% | 77.2 |
Unmet medical need... % | 8.5 |