From: Determinants of generic drug substitution in Switzerland
 | Marginal effect | 95%CI |
---|---|---|
CANTON | Â | Â |
   Aargau (reference) |  |  |
   Vaud | -0.040 | [-0.045 -0.034] |
   Ticino | -0.260 | [-0.265 -0.255] |
PATIENTS' VARIABLES Female | 0.003 | [-0.001 0.007] |
Age: | Â | Â |
   0-19 | 0.031 | [0.022 0.040] |
   20-39 | 0.035 | [0.028 0.041] |
   40-59 | 0.016 | [0.011 0.022] |
   60-79 (reference) |  |  |
   80+ | -0.005 | [-0.013 0.002] |
Optional health insurance deductible | 0.007 | [0.003 0.012] |
Out-of-pocket participation | 0.023 | [0.018 0.028] |
Treatment complexity: | Â | Â |
   1-5 drugs | 0.014 | [0.009 0.020] |
   6-10 drugs (reference) |  |  |
   11-15 drugs | -0.009 | [-0.015 -0.004] |
   16-20 drugs | -0.017 | [-0.024 -0.010] |
   21+ drugs | -0.029 | [-0.037 -0.021] |
PHYSICIANS' VARIABLES Specialist prescriber | -0.032 | [-0.037 -0.027] |
Hospital prescriber | -0.131 | [-0.137 -0.125] |
SUBSTITUTION GROUPS' VARIABLES Number of generics: | Â | Â |
   1-2 (reference) |  |  |
   3-4 | 0.083 | [0.075 0.090] |
   5-6 | 0.125 | [0.118 0.133] |
   7+ | 0.085 | [0.076 0.095] |
Number of treated patients: | Â | Â |
   1-1000 (reference) |  |  |
   1001-2000 | 0.018 | [0.012 0.025] |
   2001-3000 | 0.071 | [0.060 0.082] |
   3001+ | 0.002 | [-0.006 0.010] |
Price of brand medication: | Â | Â |
   1st quintile | 0.031 | [0.023 0.039] |
   2nd quintile | -0.001 | [-0.011 0.009] |
   3rd quintile (reference) |  |  |
   4th quintile | 0.012 | [0.004 0.020] |
   5th quintile | -0.011 | [-0.019 -0.002] |
Relative price difference: | Â | Â |
   1st quintile | -0.050 | [-0.058 -0.042] |
   2nd quintile | -0.028 | [-0.036 -0.020] |
   3rd quintile (reference) |  |  |
   4th quintile | 0.004 | [-0.004 0.013] |
   5th quintile | 0.038 | [0.028 0.048] |
Original with special galenic form | -0.077 | [-0.088 -0.066] |
At least one drug sold under license | -0.051 | [-0.058 -0.043] |
Multiple package sizes | -0.039 | [-0.045 -0.032] |