Table 2 Descriptive characteristics of the study population (n:862)
From: Predictors of the highest long-term care expenditures in Japan
| Â | Long-term Care Expenditures | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Covariates | higher (n: 216) | non-higher (n: 646) | Total |
| Â | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
Age* | Â | Â | Â |
< = 74 y-old (ref) | 20 (9.3%) | 103 (15.9%) | 123 (14.3%) |
75 -84 y-old | 84 (38.9%) | 247 (38.2%) | 331 (38.4%) |
85-94 y-old | 81 (37.5%) | 263 (40.7%) | 344 (39.9%) |
> = 95 y-old | 31 (14.4%) | 33 (5.1%) | 64 (7.4%) |
Gender | Â | Â | Â |
male (ref) | 50 (23.1%) | 184 (28.5%) | 234 (27.1%) |
female | 166 (76.9%) | 462 (71.5%) | 628 (72.9%) |
Income level | Â | Â | Â |
low (ref) | 29 (13.4%) | 90 (13.9%) | 119 (13.8%) |
middle | 163 (75.5%) | 476 (73.7%) | 639 (74.1%) |
high | 24 (11.1%) | 80 (12.4%) | 104 (12.1%) |
U Rate Benefits(URB)* | Â | Â | Â |
equal or decrease(ref) | 166 (76.9%) | 587 (90.9%) | 753 (87.4%) |
increase | 50 (23.1%) | 59 (9.1%) | 109 (12.6%) |
Change in functional status* | Â | Â | Â |
unchanged(ref) | 108 (50.0%) | 441 (68.3%) | 549 (63.7%) |
decline | 108 (50.0%) | 205 (31.7%) | 313 (36.3%) |
Care needs level * | Â | Â | Â |
low care need level (ref) | 3 (1.4%) | 285 (44.1%) | 288 (33.4%) |
middle care need level | 48 (22.2%) | 276 (42.7%) | 324 (37.6%) |
high care need level | 165 (76.4%) | 85 (13.2%) | 250 (29.0%) |
Type of services* | Â | Â | Â |
others(ref) | 41 (19.0%) | 543 (84.1%) | 584 (67.7%) |
facilities | 175 (81.0%) | 103 (15.9%) | 278 (32.3%) |