The impact of universal National Health Insurance on population health: the experience of Taiwan

Table 3 Joinpoint regression analyses on sub-group age-standardized amenable mortality rates in Taiwan, 1981-2005

	Trend 1		Trend 2		Trend 3		Trend 4		Trend 5
Diseases	Time Period	APC	Time Period	APC	Time Period	APC	Time Period	APC	Time Period	APC
Circulatory^a	1981-1984	-3.25*	1984-1993	-6.35*	1993-1996	-3.80	1996-1999	-9.13*	1999-2005	-4.12*
Females	1981-1988	-5.11*	1988-1993	-8.53*	1993-1996	-5.40	1996-1999	-10.19*	1999-2005	-5.51*
Males	1981-1983	-1.13	1983-1993	-5.75*	1993-1996	-1.91	1996-1999	-8.63*	1999-2005	-3.33*
Infections^b	1981-1986	-9.05*	1986-1989	2.62	1989-1993	-5.47*	1993-2005	-9.65*
Females	1981-1985	-8.78*	1985-1992	-0.99	1992-2005	-10.82*
Males	1981-1986	-9.37*	1986-1989	2.95	1989-1997	-7.10*	1997-2005	-10.03*
Cancer^c	1981-1991	0.29	1991-1997	2.96*	1997-2005	-0.75*
Females	1981-1990	0.63*	1990-1997	2.11*	1997-2005	-1.49*
Males	1981-1991	-0.73	1991-1997	4.56*	1997-2005	0.77
Respiratory^d	1981-1984	-16.06*	1984-1990	4.43	1990-1993	-12.52	1993-2005	-0.09
Females	1981-1984	-17.45*	1984-1990	2.34	1990-1994	-12.80	1994-2005	-1.04
Males	1981-1983	-22.29	1983-1990	4.13	1990-1993	-10.16	1993-2005	0.53
Genitourinary^e	1981-1989	-5.61*	1989-1995	1.96	1995-1999	-4.75	1999-2002	3.36	2002-2005	-2.83
Females	1981-1988	-5.78*	1988-2005	-1.13*
Males	1981-1989	-5.47*	1989-1995	3.13*	1995-1999	-4.23	1999-2005	0.84

Note. APC= annual percent change.
^a include chronic rheumatic heart disease, hypertensive disease, and cerebrovascular disease
^b include intestinal infections, tuberculosis, other infections (diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis), whooping cough, septicemia, and measles
^c include colon and rectum, skin, breast, cervix uteri, cervix uteri and body of uterus, testis, Hodgkin's disease, and leukemia
^d include all respiratory diseases, influenza, and pneumonia
^e include nephritis and nephrosis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia
* APC is statistically significantly different from zero (2-sided at p < .05).

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