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Table 4 Factors associated with total length of stay for potentially preventable hospitalisations during the first two years of life for all children in the sample: results from the negative binomial regression models

From: Poverty related risk for potentially preventable hospitalisations among children in Taiwan

Disease category

All five Diseases

Gastroenteritis and dehydration

Asthma and chronic bronchitis

Acute upper respiratory infections

Lower respiratory infections

Acute injuries and poisonings

Explanatory variable

 

IRR

95%CI

IRR

95%CI

IRR

95%CI

IRR

95%CI

IRR

95%CI

IRR

95%CI

Economic status (reference: high income)

   Poverty

2.89

**

2.50-3.34

2.24

**

1.74-2.88

1.83

 

0.70-4.77

1.70

**

1.31-2.19

2.67

**

2.30-3.10

6.05

**

1.54-23.74

   Near poverty

1.26

**

1.19-1.32

1.27

**

1.17-1.37

2.22

**

1.50-3.30

1.16

**

1.08-1.25

1.31

**

1.23-1.39

1.24

 

0.82-1.89

   Middle income

1.17

**

1.12-1.22

1.24

**

1.16-1.33

1.67

*

1.12-2.48

1.22

**

1.14-1.30

1.22

**

1.16-1.29

1.04

 

0.70-1.53

Geographic environment (reference: big city)

   Small city/town

1.14

**

1.09-1.19

1.12

**

1.05-1.20

1.03

 

0.67-1.58

1.21

**

1.13-1.29

1.12

**

1.06-1.17

1.20

 

0.87-1.67

   Rural area

1.20

**

1.16-1.26

1.18

**

1.11-1.26

1.03

 

0.68-1.55

1.36

**

1.28-1.45

1.19

**

1.13-1.26

1.35

 

0.99-1.84

Physical conditions at birth

   Male

1.20

**

1.16-1.25

1.07

*

1.01-1.12

1.90

**

1.40-2.58

1.18

**

1.12-1.24

1.21

**

1.16-1.26

1.14

 

0.90-1.44

   Low birth weight

2.82

**

2.53-3.13

1.52

**

1.30-1.78

2.88

**

1.36-6.07

1.28

**

1.09-1.52

2.92

**

2.59-3.28

0.53

*

0.29-0.99

   Number of outpatient visits in the first week of life

1.17

**

1.11-1.24

1.25

**

1.15-1.36

1.42

 

0.98.-2.06

1.25

**

1.15-1.36

1.13

**

1.05-1.22

0.78

 

0.57-1.07

Additional physical conditions related to potentially preventable hospitalisations before age two

   Number of outpatient visits for the same disease before age two

1.03

**

1.03-1.03

1.29

**

1.28-1.30

2.44

**

2.19-2.71

1.02

**

1.02-1.02

1.14

**

1.14-1.15

2.33

**

2.19-2.47

Access to preventive care

   Number of well-child care visits before age two

0.93

**

0.91-0.94

0.98

**

0.96-0.99

0.93

 

0.86-1.00

1.01

 

1.00-1.03

0.93

**

0.91-0.95

0.83

**

0.76-0.90

Number of observations

218,158

 

218,158

 

218,158

 

218,158

 

218,158

 

218,158

 

Model significance: Wald Χ2(10)

7,663.18

**

3,501.02

**

301.98

**

1,112.16

**

10,311.12

**

900.49

**

  1. IRR: incidence-rate ratio.
  2. CI: confidence interval.
  3. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.
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