Table 1 Key characteristics of identified pay-for.performance programs in ophthalmology
From: Characterization and effectiveness of pay-for-performance in ophthalmology: a systematic review
Year of Implementation | Countries | Quality measurements | Object of financial incentives | Empirical studies | Study Scorea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MedEncentive | 2004 | USA (City of Duncan) | Reporting Quality Compliance with guideline-based treatment recommendations Compliance with physicians instructions Patient satisfaction | Physician Patient | 1 study: introduction of P4P led to less global expenditures | 45.8% |
Kaiser Permanente Northern California | 1999 | USA (California) | Screening rate for diabetic retinopathy | Medical facility | 1 study: Removal of financial led to a decrease in screening rate for diabetic retinopathy | 71.4% |
Physician Quality Reporting System (PQRS) | 2006 | USA | Reporting quality | Physician | n.a. | n.a. |
ProvenCare | 2006 | USA | Compliance with best practise guidelines for cataract surgery | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |