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Table 1 Average monthly numbers of patients at centres by whether user fees were charged

From: The impact of user fees on health services utilization and infectious disease diagnoses in Neno District, Malawi: a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study

 

User fees group (periods in which fees were charged)

Period 1: Before user fees at CHAM (July 2012 to June 2013)

Period 2: User fees at all CHAM centres (July 2013 to June 2015)

Period 3: Removal of user fees at Matope (July 2015 to October 2015)

Total outpatient attendances

MOH Facilities without fees

21,818 (9,629) [100]

21,193 (3,089) [97]

18,611 (2,409) [85]

CHAM Facilities with Fees in Period 2 and 3

1,875 (453) [100]

602 (133) [32]

726 (298) [39]

CHAM Facility with Fees in Period 2

2,695 (845) [100]

391 (135) [15]

2,227 (271) [83]

CHAM Facility with Fees in All periods

364 (110) [100]

252 (121) [69]

133 (31) [37]

All Centres

26,752 (10,266) [100]

22,624 (3,170) [85]

21,642 (2,598) [81]

Total new malaria diagnoses, under 5 s

MOH Facilities without fees

2,744 (588) [100]

2,317 (780) [84]

1,806 (225) [66]

CHAM Facilities with Fees in Period 2 and 3

331 (272) [100]

257 (117) [78]

385 (341) [116]

CHAM Facility with Fees in Period 2

305 (194) [100]

63 (27) [21]

183 (44) [60]

CHAM Facility with Fees in All periods

123 (60) [100]

83 (57) [67]

21 (16) [17]

All Centres

3,558 (815) [100]

2,753 (899) [77]

2,395 (272) [67]

Total new malaria diagnoses, over 5 s

MOH Facilities without fees

4,397 (1,551) [100]

4,193 (1,718) [95]

2,938 (294) [67]

CHAM Facilities with Fees in Period 2 and 3

435 (301) [100]

199 (139) [46]

319 (159) [73]

CHAM Facility with Fees in Period 2

467 (57) [100]

105 (57) [22]

373 (112) [80]

CHAM Facility with Fees in All periods

112 (21) [100]

84 (57) [75]

21 (26) [19]

All Centres

5,569 (1,550) [100]

4,680 (1,891) [84]

3,627 (413) [65]

Total new TB diagnoses

MOH Facilities without fees

13 (4) [100]

9 (4) [69]

12 (6) [92]

CHAM Facilities with Fees in Period 2 and 3

0 (0) [−]

0 (0) [−]

1 (2) [−]

CHAM Facility with Fees in Period 2

1 (1) [100]

0 (1) [0]

1 (1) [100]

CHAM Facility with Fees in All periods

0 (1) [−]

0 (1) [−]

0 (0) [−]

All Centres

15 (5) [100]

9 (3) [60]

14 (5) [93]

New confirmed HIV+ patient, aged 15-49

MOH Facilities without fees

95 (43) [100]

100 (92) [105]

89 (23) [94]

CHAM Facilities with Fees in Period 2 and 3

20 (33) [100]

7 (4) [35]

9 (4) [45]

CHAM Facility with Fees in Period 2

15 (10) [100]

6 (4) [40]

7 (6) [47]

CHAM Facility with Fees in All periods

2 (1) [100]

1 (1) [50]

1 (2) [50]

All Centres

129 (59) [100]

114 (95) [88]

114 (14) [88]

  1. Figures are mean (sd) [as % of period 1 values]. The groups of centres are: no user fees were charged in nine ministry of health centres Chifunga, Ligowe, Lisungwi, Luwani, Magareta, Midzemba, Neno District Hospital, Nkula, and Zalewa; user fees were charged in Periods 2 and 3 in two CHAM centres Nsambe and Matandani; user fees were charged only in Period 2 in one CHAM centre Matope; and one CHAM centre charged user fees in All Periods: Neno Parish