Table 3 Non-spatial and spatial Tobit models

Mean Income ($10,000)^d

0.078^c

0.084^b

0.069^a

(0.026)

(0.035)

(0.038)

Labour Force Participation Rate (%)

0.027^c

0.034^c

0.034^c

(0.008)

(0.009)

(0.009)

Neighbouring Labour Force Participation Rate (%)

−0.037^c

−0.037^b

(0.014)

(0.017)

Mortality Rate (%)

0.034

0.014

0.010

(0.026)

(0.028)

(0.028)

Neighbouring Mortality Rate (%)

0.015

0.011

(0.053)

(0.068)

ARIA score^d

−0.085^c

−0.061^b

−0.067^b

(0.017)

(0.025)

(0.029)

Hospitals (count)

0.380^c

0.377^c

0.385^c

(0.046)

(0.046)

(0.046)

Neighbouring Hospitals (count)

−0.015

−0.116

(0.106)

(0.144)

Private Schools (count)

0.094^c

0.075^c

0.072^c

(0.020)

(0.021)

(0.021)

Neighbouring Private Schools (count)

0.091^b

0.146^c

(0.039)

(0.047)

Indigenous (%)

0.023^c

0.012^a

0.011

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

Neighbouring Indigenous (%)

0.012

0.026

(0.013)

(0.016)

Female (% of population)

0.075^c

0.057^c

0.063^c

(0.017)

(0.019)

(0.018)

Neighbouring Female (% of population)

0.047

0.020

(0.032)

(0.039)

Proportion over 65 (% of population)

0.019^a

0.054^c

0.051^c

(0.011)

(0.013)

(0.013)

Neighbouring Proportion over 65 (% of population)

−0.086^c

−0.082^c

(0.020)

(0.023)

Proportion under 14 (% of population)

−0.093^c

−0.071^c

−0.076^c

(0.009)

(0.013)

(0.013)

Neighbouring Proportion under 14 (% of population)

−0.031^a

−0.031^a

(0.017)

(0.018)

Constant

−4.230^c

−2.271

−1.572

(1.039)

(1.880)

(2.387)

Log likelihood

−2872.085

−2852.798

−2852.942

Link-test hat-squared

−0.221^c

−0.250^c

−0.249^c

(0.033)

(0.032)

(0.032)

Moran’s I

0.029^c

0.049^c

z-score

2.349

5.450

Observations

2032

2032

2032