| Total comparisons | Inpatient | Outpatient | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Organisational effect modifiers | n | OR (95%CI) | n | OR (95%CI) | n | OR (95%CI) |
leadership | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   management support | 20 | 1.95 (1.26–3.03) | 5 | 2.77 (0.90–8.51) | 11 | 1.47 (0.83–2.62) |
   no management support | 61 | 2.20 (1.71–2.84) | 24 | 1.98 (1.21–3.24) | 30 | 2.66 (1.94–3.65) |
learning environment | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Academic hospital | 44 | 2.15 (1.62–2.86) | 9 | 3.42 (2.25–5.19) | 32 | 1.91 (1.41–2.59) |
   non academic hospital | 37 | 2.11 (1.49–2.98) | 20 | 1.44 (0.95–2.19)* | 9 | 3.90 (2.87–5.29)* |
functional differentiation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   >1 medical speciality involved | 23 | 1.57 (1.03–2.38) | 13 | 1.79 (0.90–3.54) | 5 | 1.33 (0.41–4.36) |
   1 medical speciality involved | 58 | 2.39 (1.87–3.06) | 16 | 2.48 (1.39–4.41) | 36 | 2.43 (1.80–3.27) |
   more physician types | 38 | 2.06 (1.53–2.79) | 15 | 1.97 (1.15–3.37) | 21 | 2.35 (1.52–3.61) |
   one physician type | 43 | 2.22 (1.61–3.06) | 14 | 2.62 (1.20–5.76) | 20 | 2.21 (1.46–3.34) |
   multiprofessional task | 14 | 1.64 (0.94–2.88) | 3 | 1.46 (0.09–24.0) | 9 | 1.86 (0.93–3.71) |
   no multiprofessional task | 67 | 2.25 (1.78–2.85) | 26 | 2.25 (1.44–3.53) | 32 | 2.41 (1.74–3.34) |
local consensus | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   own guideline | 45 | 1.99 (1.49–2.65) | 19 | 2.11 (1.24–3.60) | 23 | 2.08 (1.41–3.06) |
   external guideline | 36 | 2.35 (1.68–3.30) | 10 | 2.26 (0.99–5.18) | 18 | 2.57 (1.63–4.06) |
   own intervention | 59 | 1.78 (1.36–2.32) | 16 | 2.56 (1.56–4.21) | 36 | 1.85 (1.32–2.60) |
   external intervention | 22 | 4.62 (2.82–7.57)** | 13 | 1.37 (0.60–3.11) | 5 | 12.7 (4.99–32.2)** |