Table 3 Multivariable ordinal logistic regressions showing: The association between scores of primary care and the 4 core primary care domains and explanatory variables
From: Patients’ socioeconomic status and their evaluations of primary care in Hong Kong
Dependent variables OR (95% C.I) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent variables | Total PCAT score | First contact utilization domain | Ongoing care domain | Coordination (information systems) | Comprehensiveness provided domain |
(N = 1,159) | (N = 1,149) | (N = 1,155) | (N = 1,157) | (N = 1,156) | |
Socioeconomic indicators | |||||
Household income | |||||
<HK$ 15000 (<USD1934) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
HK$ 15,000- 39999 (USD 1934–5158) | 1.47 (1.10-1.96)** | 1.33 (1.00-1.79)* | 1.07 (0.78-1.46) | 1.18 (0.87-1.61) | 1.46 (1.07-1.93)* |
≥HK$ 40000 (≥USD5159) | 2.07 (1.38-3.09)*** | 1.84 (1.21-2.78)** | 1.27 (0.82-1.97) | 1.61 (1.04-2.47)* | 1.90 (1.26-2.87)** |
Education | |||||
Secondary and below | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Above secondary | 1.13 (0.87-1.49) | 0.91 (0.69-1.20) | 1.07 (0.80-1.44) | 1.23 (0.92-1.64) | 0.93 (0.71-1.23) |
Type of housing | |||||
Public rental housing | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Private permanent housing | 1.11 (0.86-1.45) | 1.06 (0.81-1.38) | 1.24 (0.93-1.64) | 0.89 (0.67-1.17) | 0.98 (0.75-1.28) |
Others | 0.67 (0.15-2.86) | 1.03 (023–4.71) | 1.26 (0.26-6.19) | 1.21 (0.26-5.60) | 1.21 (0.26-5.77) |
Health financing | |||||
Source of health payments in the past 12 months | |||||
Out of pocket only | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Multiple sources | 0.78 (0.60-1.01) | 0.82 (0.63-1.08) | 1.03 (0.79-1.41) | 1.15 (0.83-1.48) | 0.96 (0.73-1.26) |
Medical Waiver scheme only | 1.15 (0.51-2.55) | 1.43 (0.64-3.17) | 1.63 (0.73-3.62) | 1.32 (0.56-2.96) | 0.81 (0.36-1.82) |
Private insurance only | 1.80 (1.20-2.68)** | 1.67 (1.09-2.56)* | 1.51 (0.97-2.36) | 0.89 (0.59-1.40) | 0.52 (0.34-0.80)** |
Source of healthcare | |||||
Usual primary care provider | |||||
Government clinic | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Private provider | 2.07 (1.53-2.82)*** | 0.88 (0.65-1.21) | 11.76 (8.19-16.89)*** | 0.88 (0.66-1.22) | 1.07 (0.78-1.47) |
Traditional Chinese practitioner | 0.37 (0.19-0.70)** | 0.06 (0.03-0.13)*** | 34.99 (17.45-70.16)*** | 0.26 (0.13-0.52)*** | 2.66 (1.39-5.09)** |
Need related variables | |||||
Self-rated health | |||||
Poor | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Good | 1.39 (1.07-1.82)* | 1.54 (1.17-2.02)** | 1.30 (0.99-1.84) | 1.00 (0.76-1.33) | 1.31(1.00-1.72) |
Chronic disease status | |||||
No chronic disease | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Any chronic disease | 3.17 (2.37-4.25)*** | 1.95 (1.46-2.62)*** | 1.35 (0.99-1.84) | 1.34 (0.99-1.82) | 1.57 (1.17-2.10)** |
Individual characteristics | |||||
Gender | |||||
Female | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Male | 0.78 (0.63-0.97)* | 0.97 (0.77-1.22) | 0.87 (0.68-1.11) | 0.97 (0.76-1.22) | 1.03 (0.82-1.29) |
Age group (years) | |||||
15-24 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
24-64 | 0.89 (0.61-1.30) | 0.89 (0.59-1.33) | 0.86 (0.54-1.27) | 1.59 (1.06-2.39)* | 0.78 (0.52-1.17) |
Above 65 | 1.02 (0.61-1.73) | 0.81 (0.47-1.40) | 0.70 (0.39-1.24) | 0.84 (0.48-1.45) | 0.79 (0.46-1.37) |
Satisfaction | |||||
How acceptable is the amount you pay for health care? | |||||
Not acceptable | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Acceptable | 1.35 (0.98-1.86) | 1.01 (0.73-1.41) | 1.88 (1.30-2.70)*** | 1.11 (0.78-1.58) | 1.03 (0.74-1.43) |