From: Assessing cardiovascular risk in regional areas: the Healthy Hearts – Beyond City Limits program
All n = 2125 | Men n = 907 (43%) | Women n = 1218 (57%) | OR [95% CI] | pvalue | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic profile | |||||
Age (years) | 57.6 ± 14.6 | 57.2 ± 15.2 | 58.0 ± 14.2 | .209 | |
Male gender | 907 (43%) | 907 (100%) | — | ||
Caucasian ethnicity | 2030 (96%) | 863 (95%) | 1167 (96%) | 0.88 [0.58-1.32] | .523 |
Married / living with partner | 1566 (74%) | 727 (81%) | 839 (69%) | 1.92 [1.56-2.36] | <.001 |
Secondary school highest education | 1203 (59%) | 452 (38%) | 751 (62%) | 0.59 [0.49-0.70] | <.001 |
Current occupation: | |||||
Professionals/Semi-professionals | 251 (25%) | 123 (26%) | 128 (25%) | <.001 | |
Technical/Tradespeople | 191 (19%) | 137 (29%) | 54 (10%) | ||
Unskilled workers | 559 (56%) | 220 (46%) | 339 (65%) | ||
Risk factor profile | |||||
Current smoking | 227 (11%) | 104 (12%) | 123 (10%) | 1.15 [0.87-1.52] | .313 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 137 ± 21 | 141 ± 19 | 134 ± 22 | <.001 | |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75 ± 11 | 79 ± 10 | 73 ± 10 | <.001 | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.7 ± 5.1 | 28.0 ± 4.5 | 27.5 ± 5.5 | .035 | |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.21 ± 1.13 | 5.14 ± 1.17 | 5.26 ± 1.10 | .013 | |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.98 ± 1.02 | 3.02 ± 1.04 | 2.96 ± 1.00 | .175 | |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.34 ± 0.43 | 1.16 ± 0.38 | 1.47 ± 0.42 | <.001 | |
TC/HDL ratio (mmol/L) | 4.22 ± 1.70 | 4.77 ± 1.89 | 3.81 ± 1.42 | <.001 | |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.80 ± 1.53 | 6.02 ± 1.72 | 5.64 ± 1.36 | <.001 | |
Alcohol consumption (drinks per week) | 4.3 ± 7.8 | 6.51 ± 10.28 | 2.85 ± 5.02 | <.001 | |
Physical activity (MET-minutes per week) | 998 [446–2083] | 1118 [518–2611] | 924 [396–1817] | <.001 | |
Absolute COD risk (%) | |||||
Primary | 8 ± 6 | 12 ± 7 | 6 ± 4 | <.001 | |
Secondary | 6 ± 4 | 9 ± 2 | 3 ± 2 | <.001 | |
≥ 2 modifiable risk factors | 1508 (71%) | 686 (76%) | 822 (68%) | 1.50 [1.23-1.81] | <.001 |
Family history of CVD | 673 (32%) | 266 (29%) | 407 (33%) | 0.83 [0.69-1.00] | .045 |
Pre-existing CVD | 360 (17%) | 178 (20%) | 182 (15%) | 1.39 [1.11-1.75] | .004 |
Type 2 diabetes/hyperglycaemia | 124 (6%) | 60 (7%) | 64 (5%) | 1.28 [0.89-1.85] | .178 |
Potential depression | 514 (25%) | 190 (22%) | 324 (28%) | 0.72 [0.59-0.89] | .002 |
Major ECG abnormality | 209 (11%) | 129 (15%) | 80 (7%) | 2.35 [1.75-3.16] | <.001 |