Estimation of the costs of cervical cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment in rural Shanxi Province, China: a micro-costing study

Table 3 Direct non-medical costs of cervical screening and diagnosis†

	Women’s average time in seeking and receiving care (minutes)			Two-way transportation (US$)	Total (US$)
	Two-way transportation	Waiting	Receiving care
VIA screening	120	40	15	1.17	2.16
Combined VIA/VILI screening	120	40	21	1.17	2.20
careHPV screening (self-sampling)	40	20	8	0.29	0.68
careHPV screening (clinician-sampling)	120	40	13	1.17	2.15
Full colposcopy, without biopsy or ECC	120	40	19	1.17	2.19
Full colposcopy, with biopsy or ECC	120	40	34	1.17	2.27

† Data sources: Local screening demonstration projects, expert opinion, the annual net income per capita in rural China ($697 in 2008) [24]; Women with positive self-sampling careHPV results were referred for a colposcopy/biopsy in county hospital another day. Most of the items related to time spent and two-way transportation out-of-pocket expenses were the same when an immediate colposcopy followed the primary screening test (except for a few items). For primary screening tests followed by colposcopy with or without biopsy/ECC on the same day, an extra 7 minutes or 22 minutes were needed for women going through the diagnostic procedure(s). For those received clinician-sampling careHPV primary screening, an extra 150 minutes were needed for waiting for a notification of whether further colposcopy examination on the same day was required.

ISSN: 1472-6963